train energy saving problem investigates how to control train's velocity such that the quantity of energy consumption is minimized and some system constraints are satis ed. on the assumption that the train's weights on different links are estimated by fuzzy variables when making the train scheduling strategy, we study the fuzzy train energy saving problem. first, we propose a fuzzy energy ...

as a result of higher crude oil prices, in one hand, it is expected that alternative energy resources consumption is increased and consumers change their behavior to decline energy intensity too. on the other hand, more alternative energy consumption can leads to a decline of crude oil aggregate demand. therefore, existence of mutual causality between crude oil price and alternative energy cons...

nowadays energy has significant role in socio economic development of counties; any decision on energy sector may affect the broad area in societies. system approach in energy modeling as an efficient method is known by many researchers in management and planning in a country particularly in energy sector. also system dynamics is one of the efficient methods, for reason unique ability at solvin...

In the recent years, renewable energy sources are an important component of world energy consumption. GDP is one of the main measures of a country’s economic activity. Most of the studies examine the impact of renewable energy consumption on GDP with single equation model and the others use dynamic panel data. Since the Granger causality analysis’s findings of this paper establish bidirectional...

Metabolisable energy intake, determined by bomb calorimetry of food, vomit, stool and urine, and resting metabolism, assessed by respiratory gas exchange, were studied in 21 infants with congenital heart disease and nine control infants. Weight for age, growth rates, and daily metabolisable energy intake per kg tended to be lower in infants with heart disease than in control infants. Resting ox...

Energy consumption in the residential sector is a complex socio-technical problem that can be explained using acombination of physical, demographic and behavioural characteristics of a house and its occupants. In this paper, byusing the energy consumption data for the residential sector of Shiraz in Iran, the effect of built area (BA) andoccupant number (Occ) on annual energy consumption (Ec) w...