Water purification technologies such as microfiltration/ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis utilize porous membranes to remove suspended particles and solutes. These membranes, however, cause many drawbacks such as a high pumping cost and a need for periodic replacement due to fouling. Here we show an alternative membraneless method for separating suspended particles by exposing the colloidal s...

Photosynthesis captures light energy to produce ATP and NADPH. These molecules are consumed in the conversion of CO2 to sugar, photorespiration, and NO3(-) assimilation. The production and consumption of ATP and NADPH must be balanced to prevent photoinhibition or photodamage. This balancing may occur via cyclic electron flow around photosystem I (CEF), which increases ATP/NADPH production duri...

Capturing and storing the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) produced by power plants and factories before it is emitted to the atmosphere could play a major role in minimizing climate change. Among of the different technologies, aqueous amine absorption/stripping is a promising one. In this study 5 different configurations for aqueous absorption/stripping have been compared with regard to cap...

Global sustainable development faces challenges in greenhouse gas emission, consumption of non-renewable resource and energy, waste landfilling, environmental pollution. Geotechnical engineering also similar challenges; for example, the use cement lime stabilisation/solidification (S/S) contaminated soil is associated with carbon dioxide (CO2) emission limestone energy. In this context, study i...

In this paper, we discuss potential developments of the world natural gas industry at the horizon of 2030. We use the World Gas Model (WGM), a dynamic, strategic representation of world natural gas production, trade, and consumption between 2005 and 2030. We specify a “base case” which defines the business-as-usual assumptions based on forecasts of the world energy markets. We then analyze the ...

nowadays, transportation sector consumes about 27 percent of the whole energy in iran. therefore, after domestic and business sectors which consume about 40 percent of the whole energy, transportation is placed in the second rank. however, the financial value of transportation is of the highest importance. moreover, having 55percent of gasoline product consumption transportation has been also r...

Considering the fact that natural gas is a widely used energy source,  the prediction of its consumption can be useful (Derek LAM, 2013). As Iran has one of the largest gas reserves in the world, its consumption in the country can affect the worldwide price of gas, Therefore, the current research is useful both from economic and environmental point of view. ...

The existing fleet of modern pulverized coal fired power plants represents an opportunity to achieve significant greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the coming years providing efficient and economical CO2 capture technologies are available for retrofit. One option is to separate CO2 from the products of combustion using conventional approaches such as amine scrubbing. An emerging alternate, commo...

Modeling and analysis work was done on various supermarket refrigeration systems for their energy efficiency, TEWI (Total Equivalent Warming Impact), and annual operating cost. The systems which were modeled in detail include parallel racks, distributed, self-contained, glycol secondary loop, and CO2 secondary loop (medium temperature) and cascade (low temperature). Based on R404A modeling resu...