Advances in endoscopy and anesthesia have enabled gastrointestinal endoscopy for children since 1960. Over the past decades, the number of endoscopies has increased rapidly. As specialized teams of pediatric gastroenterologists, pediatric intensive care physicians and pediatric endoscopy nurses are available in many medical centers, safe and effective procedures have been established. Therefore...

Management of portal hypertension in children has evolved over the past several decades. Portal hypertension can result from intrahepatic or extrahepatic causes. Management should be tailored to the child based on the etiology of the portal hypertension and on the functionality of the liver. The most serious complication of portal hypertension is gastroesophageal variceal bleeding, which has a ...

AB A number of therapeutic options have been available for years. Their respective efficacies depend on, to a certain extent, the etiology of the bleeding, whether the bleeding is occurring in the upper or lower gastrointestinal tract, and whether the bleeding is malignant or nonmalignant. Even within nonmalignant bleeding, there exist various causes, including ulcers or nonulcer etiologies wit...

BACKGROUND Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common condition in gastroenterology, but "Downhill Varices" (DHV) or varices of the upper oesophagus are an uncommon cause of UGIB, with different aetiology from lower third oesophageal varices and different therapeutic implications. CASE REPORT A 28-year-old male patient, with a history of chronic kidney failure secondary undergoing hae...

Ankaferd blood stopper (ABS) is a hemostatic agent that induces clot formation by a special protein network which mainly causes powerful erythrocyte aggregation. The use of topical ABS as a hemostatic agent has been approved in Turkey for the management of dermal, external post-surgical and post-dental surgery bleeding. ABS has been successfully used in Dieulafoy lesion and bleeding from gastro...

Endoscopic loop ligation has been shown to be successful in the removal of a variety of large mucosal and submucosal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, such as lipomas, leiomyomas, lymphangiomas, carcinoid tumors, and Brunner’s adenomas [1–4]. However, immediate release of the endoscopic loop after ligation of the tumor may fail to eradicate the lesion in one session [1,2]. We therefore eval...

Iron deficiency anaemia secondary to gastrointestinal bleeding is very common in the elderly. Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) syndrome, also known as watermelon stomach is an uncommon but significant cause of acute or chronic gastrointestinal blood loss in the elderly. It is characterised endoscopically by "watermelon stripes." It is more common in females than males, and manifests mostl...

Endoscopic closure techniques have been introduced for the repair of duodenal wall perforations that occur during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We report a case of successful repair of a large duodenal wall perforation by using double endoscopic band ligation (EBL) and an endoclip. Lateral duodenal wall perforation occurred during ERCP in a 93-year-old woman with acute ...