This systematic review of 58 observational studies identified hypothetical causal mechanisms explaining the effects of short and long intervals between pregnancies on maternal, perinatal, infant, and child health, and critically examined the scientific evidence for each causal mechanism hypothesized. The following hypothetical causal mechanisms for explaining the association between short inter...

This report describes a uterine tumour exhibiting areas of both endometrial stromal and smooth muscle diVerentiation. There was extensive intravasular permeation within the myometrium as well as extrauterine vascular involvement. The endometrial stromal component had a myxoid appearance and the smooth muscle component exhibited the typical features of intravenous leiomyomatosis. An additional f...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of transvaginal power Doppler sonography to discriminate between benign and malignant endometrial conditions in women presenting with postmenopausal bleeding and thickened endometrium at baseline sonography. METHODS Ninety-one postmenopausal women (median age, 58 years; range, 47-83 years) presenting with uterine bleeding and a thickened endometrium (> or = 5-mm...

Purpose: Effective treatments for advanced endometrial cancer are lacking. Novel therapies that target specific pathways hold promise for better treatment outcomes with less toxicity. Mutation activation of the FGFR2/ RAS/ERK pathway is important in endometrial tumorigenesis. RPS6KA6 (RSK4) is a putative tumor suppressor gene and is a target of the ERK signaling pathway. We explored the role of...

OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to assess the concordance between the preoperative endometrial sampling and microscopic examination of the hysterectomy specimens in patients surgically treated for atypical endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analysed a group of 204 patients, of whom 160 (78.43%) underwent surgical treatment for cancer of the corpus u...

Natural history and clinicopathologic features of early endometrial carcinoma are not evident. Its knowledge is essential to make up strategies for prevention, early detection, and treatment of endometrial carcinoma. Especially it is important to know pathways of endometrial carcinogenesis and frequency of endometrial carcinomas arising from endometrial hyperplasia. Clinicopathologically 131 pa...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the value of endometrial blood flow assessment in predicting type 2 endometrial carcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty-five consecutive post-menopoausal women who had vaginal bleeding were enrolled in the study. All subjects were directed to transvaginal sonography to determine endometrial blood flow and underwent endometrial biopsy. Doppler...

BACKGROUND Tamoxifen has been shown to promote the growth of human endometrial tumors implanted in athymic mice, and it has been associated with a twofold to threefold increase in endometrial cancer. Toremifene, a chlorinated derivative of tamoxifen, and ICI 182,780, a pure antiestrogen, are two new antiestrogens being developed for the treatment of breast cancer. The effects of these drugs on ...

PURPOSE: To assess if arylsulfatase A activity (ASA) and sulfatide (SL) concentration in the human endometrium can be predictive of the development of endometrial polyps over the years, since ASA activity reflects the endometrial sensitivity to hormones. METHODS: ASA activity and SL concentration were determined by biochemical procedures on endometrial samples collected between 1990 and 1994 in...

background: endometriosis is a complex estrogen-dependent disease that is defined as the presence of endometrial gland and stroma outside the uterine cavity. although the exact mechanism for the development of endometriosis remains unclear, there is a large body of research data and circumstantial evidence that suggests a crucial role of estrogen in the establishment and maintenance of this dis...