intRODuCtiOn The self Adjusting File (sAF*) system is a new approach to shaping root canal systems, which does not use solid metal files. (Fig 1). The sAF relies on the gentle abrasive action of a flexible mesh lattice to prepare the root canal walls. The sAF offers: 1) the ability to instrument and prepare complex-shaped root canal anatomies; 2) the capability to provide continuous and efficie...

The study and practice of Endodontics includes basic clinical science comprising the biology of healthy pulp, and the etiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases and injuries of the pulp and associated periradicular conditions. Until the middle of the 19th century, endodontics did not play a significant role in dental therapeutics, as there was no prevention, no scientifically tes...

The preparation of root canal in endodontic treatment plays an important role in treating non vital teeth with periapical lesion. Some factors influence the success of root canal treatment in short and long terms are the irrigation of root canal using antiseptic solution and the use of root canal medicament. The aim of this literature study is to determined the effect of irrigation solution and...

INTRODUCTION The performance and mechanical properties of nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments are influenced by factors such as cross-section, flute design, raw material, and manufacturing processes. Many improvements have been proposed by manufacturers during the past decade to provide clinicians with safer and more efficient instruments. METHODS The mechanical performance of NiTi alloys is s...