River Ganga is a lifeline to about 500 million people inhabiting its basin. The river Ganga provides water for drinking, domestic needs, agriculture, livelihoods, industrial use, fishing, boating, recreation, religious, cultural activities and for energy. Besides the humans, the river supports rich fauna and flora, including the endangered Ganges river dolphin (Platanista gangetica gangetica), ...

medicinal species of mountain’s kelavs, scientifically named (kelussia odoratissmia mozaffar.) is an endemic species in iran. kelussia odoratissima is a perennial species and belongs to the umbelliferae. from the ancient times, the local and nomad societies had believed that the species traditionally have anti-ache, anti-inflation and anti-cough effects. seed and root of this species are boiled...

A recirculating aquaculture system was developed to hold native fishes for experimental pumping trails at the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation’s Tracy Fish Collection Facility (TFCF), Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California. The TFCF operates to prevent the entrainment of juvenile and adult fishes, including endangered species, into the Delta Mendota Canal. TFCF uses louvers to direct into the colle...

Hydropower is the largest renewable energy source in the world. However, in the Columbia and Snake River basins, several species of Pacific salmon and steelhead have been listed for protection under the Endangered Species Act due to significant declines of fish population. Dam operators and design engineers are thus faced with the task of making hydroelectric facilities more fish friendly throu...

Genetic admixture between wild and introduced populations is a rising concern for the management of endangered species. Here, we use a dual approach based on molecular analyses of samples collected before and after hatchery fish introduction in combination with a simulation study to obtain insight into the mechanisms of admixture in wild populations. Using 17 microsatellites, we genotyped pre- ...

Fish otolith and water chemistry were assessed in the Grand Canyon reach of the Colorado River and its tributaries. Aqueous strontium and selenium (in ratio to calcium) and carbon stable isotopic ratios were identified as markers with excellent potential to track the provenance and movements of the endangered humpback chub Gila cypha. Although otolith dC and Sr/Ca varied proportionately to wate...

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA) employs a two-category system: listing species either as endangered (in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range) or threatened (likely to become endangered in the foreseeable future). Absence of Congressional guidance on how to interpret the terms used in the statutory definitions of these categories ha...

We examined contents of alimentary canal from pond-reared Rio Grande silvery minnows (Hybognathus amarus; n 5 183) to determine frequency of occurrence for foods consumed among small (9–20 mm), medium (21–35 mm), and large fish (36–75 mm). Among 183 fish, 19% (n 5 34) of alimentary canals were empty. Of those with food items (n 5 149), insects were the most common and were present in 66% of fis...

Predation is a dominant and influential factor in most ecological communities. However, little is known about how the federally endangered Barton Springs Salamander, Eurycea sosorum, responds to predators. Using captive-hatched (predator-naı̈ve) salamanders, we examined the antipredator response of E. sosorum to chemical cues from (1) native Western Mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis), (2) introduce...

Fish authentication is a major concern not only for the prevention of commercial fraud, but also for the assessment of safety risks deriving from the undeclared introduction of potentially dangerous toxic or allergenic substances or environmentally damaging fish where endangered species are involved. Moreover, food authentication might affect the diet of certain groups of consumers, such as fol...