نتایج جستجو برای: emphasis on the economic costs and lost opportunity costs

تعداد نتایج: 21994946  

Journal: :hepatitis monthly 0
khosro keshavarz department of pharmacoeconomics and pharmaceutical administration, faculty of pharmacy, tehran university of medical sciences, tehran, ir iran; health human resource research center, school of management and information sciences, shiraz university of medical sciences, shiraz, ir iran abbas kebriaeezadeh department of pharmacoeconomics and pharmaceutical administration, faculty of pharmacy, tehran university of medical sciences, tehran, ir iran seyed moayed alavian baqiyatallah research center for gastroenterology and liver diseases, baqiyatallah university of medical sciences, tehran, ir iran ali akbari sari department of pharmacoeconomics and pharmaceutical administration, faculty of pharmacy, tehran university of medical sciences, tehran, ir iran; department of health management and economics, tehran university of medical sciences, tehran, ir iran farid abedin dorkoosh department of pharmacoeconomics and pharmaceutical administration, faculty of pharmacy, tehran university of medical sciences, tehran, ir iran maryam keshvari blood transfusion research center, high institute for research and education in transfusion medicine, iranian blood transfusion organization, tehran, ir iran

background hepatitis b infection is still the main cause of chronic liver disease in iran, which is associated with significant economic and social costs. objectives this study aimed to estimate the financial burden caused by chb infection and its complications in iran. results the total annual cost for the activate population of chb patients and for those receiving treatment at various disease...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه امام رضا علیه السلام - دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی 1392

این مطالعه سعی دارد تا رابطه تفکر انتقادی و مهارت های شناختی را به عنوان دو عنصر مهم روانشناسی شناختی با کیفیت ترجمه متون ادبی و اقتصادی بررسی کند. صد دانشجوی سال آخر ترجمه که در مقطع کارشناسی مشغول به تحصیل هستند برای شرکت در این مطالعه انتخاب شدند و آزمون های تافل تفکر انتقادی و مهارت های شناختی از آنها گرفته شد. آزمون ترجمه ادبی و اقتصادی نیز برای تعیین سطح کیفیت ترجمه گرفته شد. یافته های حا...

2012
Eduard Merger Christian Held Timm Tennigkeit Tom Blomley

BACKGROUND Several previous global REDD+ cost studies have been conducted, demonstrating that payments for maintaining forest carbon stocks have significant potential to be a cost-effective mechanism for climate change mitigation. These studies have mostly followed highly aggregated top-down approaches without estimating the full range of REDD+ costs elements, thus underestimating the actual co...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه رازی - دانشکده علوم 1388

based on the latest records of typhlops vermicularis merrem, 1820 from iran, this species is distributed in the northern and southern regions of the country. in this study, new records of typhlops vermicularis are presented and it is shown that distribution range of this species is extended towards the eastern and western iran, and according to the new distribution map, it can be assumed that t...

پایان نامه :دانشگاه تربیت معلم - تهران - دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی 1391

the present study aimed at exploring cognitions of iranian english teachers within the context of english for academic purposes (eap). to this end, the cognitions of two groups of eap teachers with respect to their pedagogical content knowledge (pck) and their sense of professional identity (pi) were probed. two language teachers and two content instructors who had at least five years of eap te...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه رازی - دانشکده کشاورزی 1394

in the present study, the effect of e-64 at different concentrations (0.5, 1, 5 and 10 µm) added to (1) the ivm medium on oocyte nuclear maturation and developmental competence of ovine oocytes, and (2) to the ivc medium on embryonic development of ovine embryos were investigated.

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه شهرکرد - دانشکده ادبیات و زبانهای خارجی 1392

the application of a comprehensive model of communicative language ability (cla) to language teaching and testing has always been an imperative in l2 education since hymess proposal of communicative competence in the 1970s. recent l2 research has clearly underscored the importance of sufficient pragmatics representation as an essential component of cla in pedagogical and testing practices in l2...

پایان نامه :0 1374

having conducted the experiment and analysed the data, the researcher computed the groups mean scores and variances for the test relating to the research question. as the final atep, a t-test was conodonted for the hypothesis. as noted earlier, the significance level was determined at .05 and .01 respectively. the observed t-value was higher than the critical t-value at. 5 and .01 levels. conse...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه تبریز - دانشکده ادبیات و زبانهای خارجی 1391

building on previous studies on intellectual features and learners’ grammar learning, the present study aimed at investigating whether intelligence criterion had any impact on efl learners’ english grammar learning across two intelligence levels. in the current study, the participants were divided into two experimental and control groups by administration of raven i.q. test. this led to the for...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان - دانشکده ریاضی و کامپیوتر 1389

in this thesis, at first we investigate the bounded inverse theorem on fuzzy normed linear spaces and study the set of all compact operators on these spaces. then we introduce the notions of fuzzy boundedness and investigate a new norm operators and the relationship between continuity and boundedness. and, we show that the space of all fuzzy bounded operators is complete. finally, we define...

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