The effects of intraperitoneal and intra-third ventricular administration of morphine on the hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and the pituitary-adrenocortical activity were examined in unanesthetized, freely moving rats. Hypothalamic CRF was measured by rat CRF radioimmunoassay. Intraperitoneal or intra-third ventricular administration of morphine increased blood concentrations...

The results of this study provide insight into why some universities generate more new companies to exploit their intellectual property than do others. We compare four different explanations for cross-institutional variation in new firm formation rates from university technology licensing offices (TLOs) over the 1994–1998 period—the availability of venture capital in the university area; the co...

Whilst a few studies have associated various symptoms with the presence of a peroneus quartus muscle in the peroneal compartment of the leg, little is known of the clinical relevance of this muscle. We dissected 102 cadaver legs and reviewed the magnetic resonance images of 80 patients with symptoms from the ankle. The peroneus quartus, with a number of different attachments, was present in 6.6...

GABA-containing (GABAergic) interneurons play an important role in the function of the cerebral cortex. Through mostly inhibitory mechanisms, interneurons control hyperexcitability and synchronize and shape the spatiotemporal dynamics of cortical activity underlying various brain functions. Studies over the past 10 years have demonstrated that, in most mammals, interneurons originate during dev...

Growing male lambs were fed with diets containing 14.0, 10.8 and 7.6% protein for 3 months to determine their effects on the content of hypothalamic LHRH and SRIH and pituitary LH and GH, using immunohistochemical methods. Lowering the concentration of dietary proteins caused marked changes in the immunoreactivity of these hormones. The immunoreactive (IR) content of LHRH stored in the median e...

A highly sensitive and specific LRH radioimmunoassay is described. Three antisera were compared and characterized. High specificity was shown by 2 of them in that both C- and N-terminals were required for binding when testing LRH analogs. A lower detection limit of about 1 pg could be obtained using a simple organic solvent precipitation method for separation of bound/free antigen. Good correla...

The aim of the study was to evaluate the knee joint function in adolescent patients following operative treatment - fixation via arthroscopic or open surgery (arthrotomy), due to tibial eminence fractures. 28 patients, aged from 7 to 16 years, treated operatively between 1994-2009 in four orthopeadic centres underwent evaluation. Evaluation was performed 12-180 months following surgery. Patient...

The precise distribution of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) in 23 discrete brain nuclei and areas of Wistar strain male rats was determined by specific radioimmunoassay. TRH was detected in most of these areas. The highest concentration was found in the median eminence (27.52 +/- 2.84 ng/mg protein). The arcuate nucleus (4.92 +/- 0.58 ng/mg protein), dorsomedial nucleus (4.77 +/- 0.59 ng/mg...

GABAergic interneurons critically regulate cortical computation through exquisite spatiotemporal control over excitatory networks. Precision of this inhibitory control requires a remarkable diversity within interneuron populations that is largely specified during embryogenesis. Although interneurons expressing the neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) constitute the largest hippocamp...

OBJECTIVE To delineate the superior (facial) extent of the platysma muscle. METHODS A total of 142 facial halves were examined from 71 consecutive deep-plane rhytidectomies performed over a period of 3 months. The platysma muscle was identified and isolated during the procedure. The superior extent of the platysma was measured along the line created by the angle of the mandible to the malar e...