BACKGROUND Early school start times may curtail children's sleep and inadvertently promote sleep restriction. The current study examines the potential implications for early school start times for behavioral problems in public elementary schools (student ages 5-12 years) in Kentucky. METHOD School start times were obtained from school Web sites or by calling school offices; behavioral and dis...

The Incredible Years parent and classroom interventions were evaluated for the first time in elementary schools. Culturally diverse, socioeconomically disadvantaged schools were randomly assigned to intervention or control (CON). In intervention schools, all children received a 2-year classroom intervention beginning in kindergarten. In addition, indicated children were randomly assigned to als...

Prolonged fatigue among elementary and junior high school teachers not only damages their health but also affects the quality of education. The aim of this study was to determine the factors of working conditions associated with prolonged fatigue among teachers at public elementary and junior high schools. We distributed a self-reported, anonymous questionnaire to 3,154 teachers (1,983 in eleme...

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between flow experience of elementary school teachers and their job performance. The study empirically tests predictions of relationship by using mail survey data from 150 elementary schools of teachers. The results of the hierarchical regression analysis showed that the flow experience positively impacts the job performance; the pe...

Considerable recent attention has focused on the black-white achievement gap and its growth during the school years. Prior work has suggested that identifiable school characteristics have little to do with the changing gap. Our preliminary analysis, however, suggests that differences in the schools attended by blacks and whites combined with the added sensitivity of blacks to the racial composi...

This study examined five areas of Arab parent involvement in elementary schools in an urban Midwestern district using structured surveys of Arab (n = 45) and non-Arab (n = 87) teachers and interviews of 39 first-generation Arab mothers. Factor analysis, a statistical approach used to analyze and explain the interrelationships among a large number of variables, was used on each area and yielded ...

Single entry communities (SECs) and cul-de-sacs minimize route choices and increase trip distance. Las Vegas' built environment facilitates the examination of these variables and active transport to school (ATS) rates. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of SECs and cul-de-sacs on ATS rates in Las Vegas, NV elementary children. Parental-reported data was collected from 11 ele...

Students attending schools play an important role in the transmission of influenza. In this study, we present a social network analysis of contacts among 1,828 students in eight different schools in urban and suburban areas in and near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, including elementary, elementary-middle, middle, and high schools. We collected social contact information of...

OBJECTIVE To (i) evaluate food choices and consumption patterns of elementary- and middle-school students who participate in the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) and (ii) compare students' average nutrient intake from lunch with NSLP standards. DESIGN Plate waste from elementary- and middle-school students' lunch trays was measured in autumn 2010 using a previously validated digital photo...

Background Carrying heavy backpacks by school students at growth age can cause irreversible physical harms. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between backpack weight and the incidence of lordosis, kyphosis, scoliosis, and dropped shoulders in elementary school students. Materials and Methods This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2015 in Abadan, Iran, and 383 elementa...