Current EPA emission factors (AP42) for styrene emissions from the production of polyester-resin-reinforced plastic products represent a composite of spraying and post-spraying emissions (from curing molds) from shower stall/bathtub manufacturing plants that use compressed-air-powered spray guns to apply catalyzed styrene resins to prepared molds. Because each step of manufacture (gel coating, ...

Some day it may be said that the air age in insect control arrived with the discovery of the unusual values of DDT during the Second World War. In the two preceding decades, the application of insecticides by airplane had been tried against various pests, but the method was not used extensively except over cotton fields. Its advantages were recognized—large acreages could be covered quickly wit...

Editor – The paper by Curtis & Mnzava (1) dealing with the comparison of residual house spraying and insecticide-treated nets for malaria control is timely, since important strategic choices have to be made in the Roll Back Malaria partnership. Experience in comparing these two key vector control interventions has recently become available and such a review is therefore welcome. The comparisons...

Intermittently connected mobile networks are wireless networks where most of the time there does not exist a complete path from a source to a destination. Researchers have proposed flooding based schemes for routing in such networks. While flooding based schemes are robust and have a high probability of delivery, they suffer from a huge overhead in terms of bandwidth, buffer space and energy di...

A novel technique suitable for noninvasive measurements of moss water content is presented. In this paper, colour image sensing is applied for measuring moss water content. Sunagoke moss Rhacomitrium canescens has been utilized as an active greening material to mitigate the urban heat island effect. The goal of this paper is to develop an intelligent image analysis system for water irrigation o...

Pyrethroid pesticides were applied via ground spraying to residential neighborhoods in New York City during July-September 2000 to control mosquito vectors of West Nile virus (WNV). Case reports link pyrethroid exposure to asthma exacerbations, but population-level effects on asthma from large-scale mosquito control programs have not been assessed. We conducted this analysis to determine whethe...

A set of discrete formulae that calculates the hypothetical impact of aerial spraying on a tsetse population is derived and the work is thought to be novel. Both the original population and the subsequent generations which survive the aerial spraying, may ultimately be thought of as deriving from two, distinct sources. These origins are, however, neither distinct, nor relevant by the third gene...

Electrostatic Precipitators (ESP) are most important device used to control the pollution by collecting dust particles present on flue gases. In power plants, Coal used in Indian thermal power stations is of inferior grade, at power plant flue gas is often treated with a series of chemical process and scrubbers, having low calorific value (3500-4500)kcal/kg and high ash content due to drift ori...

To identify factors associated with incidence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), we surveyed 13,416 households in Bihar State, India. VL was associated with socioeconomic status, type of housing, and belonging to the Musahar caste. Annual coverage of indoor residual insecticide spraying was 12%. Increasing such spraying can greatly contribute to VL control.

In the EU-funded CROPS (Clever Robots for Crops) project high tech robots are developed for site-specific spraying and selective harvesting of fruit and fruit vegetables. The harvesting robots are being designed to harvest high-value crops such as greenhouse vegetables, fruits in orchards and grapes for premium wines. The CROPS robots are also developed for canopy spraying in orchards and for p...