in the surgical treatment of malignant tumors, it is crucial to characterize the tumor as precisely as possible. the determination of the exact tumor location as well as the analysis of its properties is very important in order to obtain an accurate diagnosis as early as possible. in neurosurgical applications, the optical, non-invasive and in situ techniques allow for the label-free analysis o...

Since the discovery of nuclear gamma-rays, its imaging has been limited to pseudo imaging, such as Compton Camera (CC) and coded mask. Pseudo imaging does not keep physical information (intensity, or brightness in Optics) along a ray, and thus is capable of no more than qualitative imaging of bright objects. To attain quantitative imaging, cameras that realize geometrical optics is essential, w...

FACET is a proposed facility at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. It will provide high energy, tightly focused and compressed electron and positron bunches for beam driven plasma wakefield acceleration research and other experiments. FACET will be built in the SLAC linac sector 20, where it will be separated from the LCLS located immediately downstream and will take advantage of the upstrea...

Laser-plasma technology promises a drastic reduction of the size of high-energy electron accelerators. It could make free-electron lasers available to a broad scientific community and push further the limits of electron accelerators for high-energy physics. Furthermore, the unique femtosecond nature of the source makes it a promising tool for the study of ultrafast phenomena. However, applicati...

The idea that chloroplasts are the sites of virus formation is not new. Since Kausche and Ruska (4) published an electron micrograph showing filamentous particles of tobacco mosaic virus associated with chloroplast fragments, the speculation that virus particles are formed within chloroplasts and released from them into the surrounding cytoplasm, has been widely supported by successive investig...