Experiments probing the properties of individual carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and those measuring bulk composites show vastly different results. One major issue limiting the results is that the procedures required to separate and test CNTs introduce contamination that changes the properties of the CNT. These contamination residues often come from the resist used in lithographic processing and the su...

Marek's disease virus (MDV) is a highly contagious herpesvirus which induces T-cell lymphoma in the chicken. This virus is still spreading in flocks despite forty years of vaccination, with important economical losses worldwide. The feather follicles, which anchor feathers into the skin and allow their morphogenesis, are considered as the unique source of MDV excretion, causing environmental co...

A clear advantage of broken symmetry (BS) unrestricted density functional theory DFT is qualitatively correct description of bond dissociation process, but its disadvantage is that spin-polarized Slater determinant is no longer a pure spin state (a.k.a. spin contamination). We propose a new approach to eliminate the spin-contamination, based on canonical Natural Orbitals (NO). We derive an expr...

Groundwater contamination by heavy metals is a critical environmental problem for which in situ remediation is frequently the only viable treatment option. For such interventions, a three-dimensional reactive transport model of relevant biogeochemical processes is invaluable. To this end, we developed a model, CHROTRAN, for in situ treatment, which includes full dynamics for five species: a hea...

Background/Aims: The use of antibiotics to eliminate Mycoplasma contamination has some serious limitations. Mycoplasma contamination can be eliminated by intraperitoneal injection of BALB/c mice with contaminated cells combined with screening monoclonal cells. However, in vivo passage in mice after injection with contaminated cells requires a long duration (20-54 days). Furthermore, it is impor...

Rat liver nuclei were freed of cytoplasmic contamination by washing with Triton-X-100 and subsequent centrifugation through 2.2 M sucrose. Electron microscopic examination showed that the outer membranes of the nuclei had been removed, but that the nuclei otherwise resembled the nuclei of intact liver. Morphological studies, chemical estimations of DNA, RNA, and protein and the estimation of cy...

4 A prototype Peltier thermoelectric cooling unit has been constructed to cool a cold finger on an 5 electron microprobe. The Peltier unit was tested at 15W and 96W, achieving cold finger 6 temperatures of -10°C and -27°C respectively. The Peltier unit did not adversely affect the analytical 7 stability of the instrument. Heat conduction between the Peltier unit mounted outside the vacuum 8 and...

The objective of the study was to evaluate the detection efficiency of micro-vacuum surface sampling and surface wet wipe sampling in homes that had been identified with vermiculite attic insulation and/or other asbestos containing materials. Surface samples were collected pre and post weatherization activities and analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. Baseline sampling revealed that we...

Aim: Contaminated dental unit water lines (DUWLs) are a possible source for spreading microorganisms in practices. The aim of this study was to detect the bacterial contamination and investigate effectiveness disinfectants.
 Methodology: Bacterial detected by a) using culture heterotrophic bacteria, total coliforms Pseudomonas aeruginosa b) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) DUWLs tube. Su...

A soil washing study was performed to evaluate the treatability of New River sand contaminated in the laboratory with a petroleum distillate. Unaltered and base-extracted sands were mixed with petroleum hydrocarbons, equilibrated, and washed with water or a surfactant at two different pH values (7 and 12). The surfactant had no significant effect on contaminant removal efficiencies at neutral p...