PURPOSE Recent evidence supports the importance of action potential bursts in physiological neural coding, as well as in pathological epileptogenesis. To better understand the temporal dynamics of neuronal input currents that trigger burst firing, we characterized spectral patterns of stimulation current that generate bursts of action potentials from regularly spiking neocortical neurons in vit...

Existing current based models that capture spike activity, though useful in studying information processing capabilities of neurons, fail to throw light on their internal functioning. It is imperative to develop a model that captures the spike train of a neuron as a function of its intracellular parameters for non-invasive diagnosis of diseased neurons. This is the first ever article to present...

An Electromagnetic Acoustic based Technique (EMAT) has been shown to be successful in detecting strut failures in mechanical prosthetic heart valves. [1] The technique works on the basis of the differences between the acoustic resonant modes displayed by intact and fractured valve struts. The defect detection problem is complicated by the fact that the signal from the heart valve is mixed with ...

Conventional schemes of fast valving generate a fixed valve stroke sequence for the control of turbine valves under transient conditions. A simple fixed valve control sequence cannot give optimum result for different fault conditions and loading levels, due to its poor adaptability. This paper presents an artificial-neuralnetwork (ANN) based controller to govern the operation of the turbine con...

Tricuspid valve orifice and tricuspid valve anulus areas were measured simultaneously in the anesthetized dog with a newly developed area-measuring system based on electromagnetic induction. This system permitted real-time monitoring of the area enclosed by the edges of valve leaflets and by the juncture of the valve leaflet and the cardiac wall in situ, without artificial constraint to the val...

A number of techniques have been developed to characterize the attosecond emission from high-order-harmonic sources. These techniques are broadly classified as ex situ, where the attosecond pulse train photoionizes a target gas in the presence of an infrared field, and in situ, where the measurement takes place in the medium in which the attosecond pulses are generated. It is accepted that ex s...

The paper deals with the development of simple electromagnetic models of small airplanes, which can contain composite materials in their construction. Electromagnetic waves can penetrate through the surface of the aircraft due to the specific electromagnetic properties of the composite materials, which can increase the intensity of fields inside the airplane and can negatively influence the fun...

Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is an efficient alternative for hemodialysis. Removal of waste metabolites and excess water from the blood circulation are the two main tasks done during dialysis. These are done by using a filter; in PD, the naturally semi-permeable peritoneal membrane acts as the filter. Automated PD machines control intelligently the operations to enhance the efficiency a...

Many electromagnetic actuators su2er from high velocity impacts. One such actuator is the electromechanical valve actuator, recently receiving attention for enabling variable valve timing in internal combustion engines. Impacts experienced by the actuator are excessively loud and create unnecessary wear. This paper presents an extremum seeking controller designed to reduce the magnitude of thes...