In this paper, we report a buffering method of improving the quality of ITO thin ®lms on glass by r.f. magnetron sputtering. By applying a ZnO buffer before the ITO deposition in the same run of sputtering, ITO ®lms showed single (111)-oriented highly textured structure, while ITO ®lms showed mixed-oriented polycrystalline structure on bare glass. A design of experiment was taken out to minimiz...

A new bio-inspired method was applied in this study to simultaneously improve the monovalent anion selectivity and antifouling properties of anion exchange membranes (AEMs). Three-layer architecture was developed by deposition of polydopamine (PDA) and electro-deposition of N-O-sulfonic acid benzyl chitosan (NSBC). The innermost and outermost layers were PDA with different deposition time. The ...

Abstract In this study , palladium nano-particles were electro deposited galvano - statically on carbon black powder (Vulcan XC -72R). The catalytic activity for electro - oxidation of ethanol and methanol in alkaline media were studied by cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry techniques. The results indicated that the electro-oxidation of ethanol and methanol strongly depends o...

In this work, to prepare nanostructured and porous Fe/Pd–Fe bimetallic catalysts, the iron coating is applied firstly onto copper substrate by electrochemical deposition method. Subsequently, iron-zinc alloy deposited on underlayer iron. Eventually, immersing in an alkaline solution containing palladium ions, will replace zinc, resulting catalysts. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique was used...

Thin film deposition is a widely used technique for the fabrication of MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) devices. This technique is required to establish free-standing structures which can induce or sense a mechanical movement. During the deposition of new layers of thin films an intrinsic stress is generated. In subsequent process steps, a stressed layer, usually an important component p...

Fabrication of Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (MEMS) requires deposition of films such as SiO2, Si3N4, ZnO, polysilicon, phosphosilicate glass (PSG), Al, Cr-Au, Pt, etc. for use as structural, sacrificial, piezoelectric and conducting material. Deposition of these materials at low temperature is desirable for fabricating sensors/actuators on temperature-sensitive substrates and also for integ...

among the most common types of problematic soils, are probably the expansive ones. one of the modern methods of strengthening and improving the soil in place is the use of electro-osmotic improving treatment. this paper presents the design of an apparatus suitable for electro-osmotic treatment. a soil sample of a high expansive potential was compacted and the effect of electro-osmotic treatment...

In this work, we report the structural, morphological, and optical properties of TiO2 thin films synthesized by the electro phoretic deposition technique. The TiO2 film was formed on a doped fluorine tin oxide (SnO2:F, i.e., FTO) layer and used as a photo electrode in a dye solar cell (DSC). Using spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements in the 200 to 800 nm wavelengths domain, we obtain a thick...

The basic aim of this research work is to present the synthesis of ZnSe thin film, by varying doping concentration of selenium oxide on ITO plate using a relatively simple and low cost traditional electrodeposistion technique. The physical properties obtained are similar to that reported earlier. The compatibility of the room temperature ZnSe thin films for structural, optical properties are in...