purpose: considering the speed of change in geographical areas, human power could not predict the future. rural areas as one of the human settlements has failed to keep pace with the changes. so scholars and researchers have some doubts about the survival of rural areas. according to the events taking place or possible events in the future, the present study attempts to investigate the rural su...

introduction the experts believe that the entrepreneurs are powerful engines of economic growth and producing wealth, and crucial for improving the quality, number and variety of employment opportunities for the poor people as well as the villagers. in this situation, one of the best solutions for unemployment and progress of economic base of villagers is developing small scale businesses in ru...

Introduction The world’s population has been growing rapidly in recent decades, and statistics show that most of the added population belongs to development countries. The majority of this population live in rural areas which has an unfavorable standard of living and livelihood compared to international standard. The basis of human and economic development is based on livelihood; livelihoods i...

The expected decline of health indicators with economic recessions and improvement with economic growth in the nineteenth century Sweden was reversed in the twentieth century, giving the counterintuitive pattern of higher mortality and lower life expectancy in economic expansions and improvement of these indices in recessions. The change or "tipping point" occurred at the end of the nineteenth ...

introduction although based on the development literature, achieving sustainable development is one of the most important aims of many developed as well as developing countries, institutional experts argue that development of various institutions could be the base point in these countries. labor market, one of the most important institutions, with a comprehensive look at this market and the geo...