ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 110 provides a quantitative method for testing the performance of laboratory fume hoods. Through release of a known quantity (4.0 Lpm) of a tracer gas, and subsequent monitoring of the tracer gas concentration in the "breathing zone" of a mannequin positioned in front of the hood, this method allows for evaluation of laboratory hood performance. Standard 110 specifies sulfu...

A novel multigeneration system using dual renewable energy sources (i.e., geothermal and solar) is introduced, analyzed, optimized. The integration of a line, solar tower, steam Rankine cycle, two organic cycles, an ejector refrigeration thermoelectric generator unit, reverse osmosis subsystem forms the entire system. outputs this energy-conversion are heating load, cooling electricity, freshwa...

One possible method of reducing jet noise at takeoff is the use of an ejector in which the propelling nozzle discharges into a shroud and thereby induces a secondary flow. The present report describes an experiment on the aerodynamics of such systems. The primary nozzle was axisymmetric and convergent and the shrouds were cylindrical with faired convergent entries. The stagnation temperatures o...

Direct expansion (DX) refrigeration technology is almost exclusively used in multi-temperature transport refrigeration systems. Multi-temperature systems use up to three evaporators, requiring large refrigerant charges and system pressure control to operate over a wide range of set-point conditions. Despite incremental design improvements over the past decade, environmental and control issues c...

Abstract: Minimizing the work consumed in refrigeration system is the most effective measure to reduce the cost of products in sub-ambient chemical processes. The introduction of mixed working fluids into refrigeration system in place of pure working fluids is a recent advancement applied in the field. Due to the lack of systematic design method for Mixed Refrigerant Cycle (MRC), conventional a...

Ammonia can be applied to any type and size of refrigeration system from domestic refrigeration to commercial refrigeration and air-conditioning to industrial refrigeration. However, it is desirable to minimize the charge to prevent toxic effects and, sometimes to use secondary refrigerants, such as volatile carbon dioxide, to keep ammonia away from the general public. This article describes a ...

In the present study, the ice slurry refrigeration system with pre-cooling heat exchanger (ISSH) is studied experimentally to achieve the system performance, ice crystal formation time and the temperature of ice crystal formation. The operating parameters considered in this paper include the concentration of salt solution, suction pressure, discharge pressure and Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER). ...