A 3 x 3 treatment arrangement varying in dietary protein and TSAA:Lys was used to evaluate the effect of low-protein diets fed to Hy-Line W-98 laying hens. Phase I was 20 to 43 wk of age with 18.9, 17.0, and 14.4 g of protein/hen per day and 0.97, 0.85, and 0.82 TSAA:Lys, whereas phase II was 44 to 63 wk of age with 16.3, 14.6, and 13.8 g of protein/hen per day and 0.92, 0.82, and 0.72 TSAA:Lys...

This study aimed to investigate the vitamin D levels and some quality features of eggs. A total 150 eggs (75 conventional 75 free-range) were selected for study. The 25-OH determined by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in egg yolks. Furthermore, we evaluated weights egg, yolk, albumen, yolk color as well shape index, shell thickness, percentages shell. significantl...

Normal chick embryos swallow and utilize the albumen in the egg between the 11th and 15th day of incubation (Witschi, 1949). They use approximately two-thirds of the yolk by the end of incubation (Romanoff & Romanoff, 1949). Thus the embryo has access to 4 g of protein in the albumen and 3 g of protein in the yolk (Romanoff & Romanoff, 1949). Embryos which have been hypophysectomized by partial...

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary β-mannanase supplementation and palm kernel meal (PKM) inclusion (5%) on laying performance, egg quality and nutrient utilizability of laying hens with 73 weeks of age. A total of 240 Lohmann brown laying hens with average 77.5% egg production were randomly allocated with 60 hens per treatment, 4 replicates per treatment and 15 hens per...

OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary protein sources (soybean meal, SBM; low-gossypol cottonseed meal, LCSM; double-zero rapeseed meal, DRM) on laying performance, egg quality, and plasma parameters of laying hens. METHODS A total of 432 32-wk-old laying hens were randomly divided into 6 treatments with 6 replicates of 12 birds each. The birds were fed diets c...

In the domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus) the fertilized egg in the infundibulum of the oviduct consists of an enormous mass of yolk about 40 mm in diameter on which rests the blastodisc about 3 mm in length. The whole is enclosed by a vitelline membrane, but as the egg passes down the oviduct (a process requiring about 24 h) albumen is deposited around it, shell membranes are laid down enclosin...

H•3⁄4w•No, B. W. 1940. The effect of cold drinking water on chick growth and yolk absorption. Poultry Sci., 19: 201-204. Jm.L, M. A., •ND H•yw•NO, B. W. 1930. Yolk assimilation during the embryonic development of the chick. Poultry Sci., 9: 393-404. ILJ•N, M.D. 1917. Investigations on the development of the hen's egg (in Russian): 1-15. (Petrograd.) P•a•x•R, S. 1929. Effects of early handicaps ...

Salmonella enterica consists of over 2,000 serovars that are major causes of morbidity and mortality associated with contaminated food. Despite similarities among serovars of Salmonella enterica, many demonstrate unique host specificities, epidemiological characteristics, and clinical manifestations. One of the unique epidemiological characteristics of the serovar Enteritidis is that it is the ...