In this paper we derive conditions under which optimal tax rates for addictive goods exceed tax rates for non-addictive consumption goods within a rational addiction framework where exogenous government spending cannot be financed with lump sum taxes. We reexamine classic results on optimal commodity taxation and find a rich set of new findings. Two dynamic effects exist. First, households anti...

This paper attempts to bring theoretical and empirical research on capital gains realization behavior closer together by considering whether investors who appear to engage more in strategic tax avoidance activity also respond differently to tax rates. We find that such investors exhibit significantly smaller responses to permanent tax rate changes than other investors. Put another way, a larger...

The performance of tax receipts in Italy during the period 1978-2006 is analysed through the relationship between the growth of revenue and the evolution of the macroeconomic framework. Series of actual tax receipts are adjusted to take account of discretionary measures, transformed into implicit tax rates, and then broken down into the structural components. A regression analysis of the trend ...

BACKGROUND Increasing alcohol taxes has proven effective in reducing alcohol consumption, but the effects of alcohol sales taxes on sales of specific alcoholic beverages have received little research attention. Data on sales are generally less subject to reporting biases than self-reported patterns of alcohol consumption. OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the effects of Maryland's July 1, 2011 th...

This paper examines the permanent and transitory effects of changes in wealth, the top federal marginal income tax rate, and capital gains tax rate on the distribution of Adjusted Gross Income (AGI). This paper establishes the importance of wealth in determining the distribution of AGI, and results here suggest that its effects can negate the permanent effect of a change in both tax rates. Of t...

In the spirit of the elasticity of taxable income literature, which has primarily considered federal taxes using individual data, we estimate panel regressions of state personal income tax bases on state tax rates, structures, and other controls. We consider actual tax base data gathered directly from revenue offi cials, a calculated tax base defi ned as collections divided by the top tax rate,...

This paper examines the effect of public acquisitions of open space on 1 changes in house prices and the municipal tax base using municipal-level data from 2 New Jersey. We find that open-space expenditures yield a stream of benefits in the 3 future but that any effect of open-space acquisitions on the tax base is immediate. 4 Finally, we find that while higher tax rates are associated with a l...

This Working Paper should not be reported as representing the views of the IMF. The views expressed in this Working Paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the IMF or IMF policy. Working Papers describe research in progress by the author(s) and are published to elicit comments and to further debate. This paper provides an updated overview of tax incentives for...

In this paper we study the regional pattern of municipal business property tax rates in the province of British Columbia. Reduced form tax setting equations produce some evidence that municipal governments respond to tax changes in neighboring jurisdictions. However, a joint investigation of the determinants of tax base and municipal taxation decisions reveals that it is difficult to interpret ...

Abstract—Searching moving object trajectories in 2dimensional space is a big challenge. Much research work has been performed on this field for many years. However, due to many factors such as sensor failures, noises, and sampling rates, it’s very difficult to design a robust and fast method to retrieve or to do clustering these data. TAX (Textual ApproXimation) is one of the methods for search...