Abstract This paper examines the relationship between trade uncertainty and income inequality. In countries where only a small share of the population is educated, an increase in trade uncertainty is associated with a significant increase in income inequality. As education of the population increases the relationship between trade uncertainty and income inequality becomes more muted. Trade unce...

Abstract While population ageing is rising, the educational composition of elderly remains rather heterogeneous. This study assesses differences in future Asia and Europe, how Europe would change if its populations changed. A comparative measure (the Comparative Prospective Old-Age Threshold [CPOAT]) was used, which recalculates old-age thresholds after accounting for life expectancy, likelihoo...

Sophisticated/Well-Educated Person from Avicenna’s Perspective*   A. Sohbatloo** M.R. Aahanchiyaan, Ph.D.*** B. Sha’bani Varaki, Ph.D.**** A.R. Saadeghzaadeh Ghamsari, Ph.D.*****   A basic question asked by many philosophers has been about the criteria by which a person’s sophistication is measured and the characteristics by which a sophisticated/well educated person is identified. Given...

about half of the population in pakistan is food insecure. the study focused the food secure population and the strategies for reducing poverty in district rawalpindi. the study was carried out in district rawalpindi in the punjab province of pakistan. simple random sampling technique was used for this research study in district rawalpindi. a sample of 120 respondents was selected. then the dat...

OBJECTIVES Since the 1980s, older, low-educated White women experienced an unprecedented decrease in life expectancy. We investigated whether a similar phenomenon was evident among younger women for obesity. METHODS Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, age-adjusted changes were estimated in the prevalence of overall and abdominal obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2) , waist circum...

BACKGROUND Obesity is increasing in the American population in epidemic proportions. Weight reduction surgery results in sustained weight loss for morbidly obese individuals-a group of patients refractory to nonsurgical obesity treatment. Surgical indications were outlined in a National Institutes of Health (NIH) consensus conference published in 1991. Using the NIH criteria, we compared the so...

Abstract This prospective study aimed to examine changes in mental health and differences due educational status (ES) country among young adults aged 20-40 from four countries during the COVID-19 pandemic a three-month period. The total of 1714 participants (932 women): students ( n = 321) non-students 519) 20-30, educated 388), non-educated 486) 31-40 Poland 445), Slovenia 430), Germany 417), ...