Urban centers have inner and outer landscapes whose physical remains can be read as the materialization of social, political, economic, and ritual interactions. Inner landscapes are manifested in architecture and spatial organizations that configure relationships on the basis of economic status, ethnicity, occupation, age grade, and gender within the city. Outer landscapes are composed of the h...

Abstract The objective of this paper is to better understand the evolution and institutional roots Hong Kong's growing economic inequality political cleavages. By combining multiple sources data (household surveys, fiscal data, wealth rankings, national accounts) methodological innovations, two main findings are obtained. First, he evidence suggests a very large rise in income Kong over last fo...

The impact of the novel Covid-19, otherwise known as coronavirus on entire spectrum Nigeria’s national life, elsewhere, remains yet indelibly unquantifiable at present. Thanks to Elite culpability in management corona-virus epidemic that has now rendered life halted and, brinks spontaneous discontinuity. Conceptualized this study mean negligence duty, unpacks how Nigerian political Elites and l...

In March 2004 the Kenyan government set out its radical Strategy for Revitalising Agriculture (SRA). Almost a decade on, remarkably little progress has been made on its priority areas. Beyond bureaucratic resistance to economic reform, we explain the political roots of inertia in the SRA case, encompassing both the political logic of maintaining commodity chain-based state organisations and the...

The phenomenon of crony capitalism has been explored primarily with reference to its impact on economic growth. This study investigates the political implications of crony capitalism and, specifically, the interaction between political competition and crony capitalism. Based on a case study of political trajectories in two regions of the Russian Federation, I argue that under crony capitalism p...

This paper investigates the impact of Reconstruction-era amnesty policy on officeholding and wealth elites in postbellum South. Amnesty restricted political economic rights Southern for nearly three years during Reconstruction. I estimate effect being excluded from elites' future power using a regression discontinuity design that compares individuals just above below threshold determined exclus...