The important of the demographic dividend to East Asian economic growth is now widely recognized. During the last four decades of the 20 Century the working age populations grew much more rapidly than the dependent populations fueling growth in per capita income. Over the coming decades, however, demographic change is seemingly unfavorable. In the coming decades the working-age populations of m...

In earlier debates on economic development, the agricultural sector’s role was somewhat controversial. While dualistic models highlighted the importance of agriculture, the mainstream literature placed a greater emphasis on the creation of a modern industrial sector. Soon agriculture disappeared from the mainstream development literature to re-emerge recently with a variety of multiple-sector g...

We summarize some basic result in dynamic optimization and optimal control theory, focusing on some economic applications.

EUWAB-Project (European Union Welfare effects of Agricultural Biotechnology), Project VIB/TA-OP/98-07: “Microand Macro-economic Analysis of the Economic Benefits and Costs of Biotechnology Applications in EU Agriculture Calculation of the Effects on Producers, Consumers and Governments and Development of a Simulation Model”. This paper (pdf) can be downloaded following the link: http://www.agr....

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the performance of two approaches based on Vector Evaluated Particle Swarm Optimization (VEPSO) algorithm in two real world applications, which are the environmental economic dispatch problem and the optimization of a reinsurance contract portfolio. The two tested algorithms are the canonical VEPSO and a new version called VEPSO-N, where in the last one ...

China experienced a rapid economic growth since 1979 when it opened up. The fast transformation affected the country in many ways including economic structure. This paper tries to identify the changes of economic structure influenced by economic growth from input-output prospective. The methodology is rooted in key sector analysis and complemented by presentation of the multiplier product matri...