Assessing the vulnerability of marine invertebrates to ocean acidification (OA) requires an understanding critical thresholds at which developmental, physiological, and behavioral traits are affected. To identify relevant for echinoderms, we undertook a three-step data synthesis, focused on California Current Ecosystem (CCE) species. First, literature characterizing echinoderm responses OA was ...

Abstract In the western Tafilalt area, eastern Anti-Atlas (Morocco), solutan echinoderms are a major faunal element of most echinoderm Lagerstätten occurring within Lower Ktaoua Formation (late Sandbian–early Katian). For first time, members class Soluta formally described from Morocco and Africa. All solutans identified as Dendrocystites aff. sedgwicki . Three size-related morphotypes, probabl...

This review covers the marine natural products literature for the year 2000 and is organized phylogenetically, with sections on marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green algae, brown algae, red algae, sponges, coelenterates, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates. echinoderms and miscellaneous marine organisms. There is an emphasis on new structures, stressing their biological activities, source o...

The second part of this three-part series on water-related dermatoses will discuss dermatologic conditions seen in athletes exposed to saltwater. The vast majority of the following dermatoses result from contact with organisms that inhabit saltwater, including bacteria, cnidarians, and echinoderms. This review also will include other dermatoses affecting saltwater athletes and should serve as a...

Abstract This manuscript aims to provide a comprehensive review of the work done by Antarctic sclerochronology research across different taxa (arthropods, bivalves, brachiopods, bryozoans, cephalopods, hard and soft corals, gastropods, echinoderms teleost fish), an analysis current challenges in discipline start discussion what can offer for future. The Southern Ocean ecosystem remains largely ...

Ocean acidification and ocean warming compromise the capacity of calcifying marine organisms to generate maintain their skeletons. While many precipitate low-Mg calcite or aragonite, skeleton echinoderms consists more soluble Mg-calcite. To assess impact exposure elevated temperature increased pCO2 on echinoderms, in particular mineralogy microstructure, starfish Aquilonastra yairi (Echinoderma...