We describe a perturbation formulation for the problem of computing electrostatic capacitances of multiple conductors embedded in multiple dielectric materials. Unlike the commonly used equivalent-charge formulation (ECF), this new approach insures that the capacitances are computed accurately even when the permittivity ratios of the dielectric materials are very large. Computational results fr...

One of the foremost functional attributes of the mammalian kidney in health is its ability to regulate the excretion of sodium with sufficient precision to allow for the maintenance of a constant content of sodium in the extracellular fluid (ECF). In essence, whatever quantity of sodium enters the ECF from dietary intake must be excreted by the kidney, and this commitment must be upheld regardl...

This study seeks to address a research gap about the role of participatory governance as success factor in successful equity crowdfunding (ECF) campaigns cultural heritage sector. The stems from calls coming both and research. Concerning research, academics have pointed out need for more on specific economic sectors topics related governance. crowdfunding, our investigation is line with differe...

Porphyromonas gingivalis is a bacterium frequently isolated from chronic periodontal lesions and is involved in the development of chronic periodontitis. To colonize the gingival crevice, P. gingivalis has to adapt to environmental stresses. Microbial gene expression is regulated by transcription factors such as those in two-component systems and extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors. E...

Topotecan is a substrate of the ATP-binding cassette transporters P-glycoprotein (P-gp/MDR1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). To define the role of these transporters in topotecan penetration into the ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (vCSF) and brain parenchymal extracellular fluid (ECF) compartments, we performed intracerebral microdialysis on transporter-deficient mice after an int...

Our aim was to determine the effects of focal acidification in the raphe obscurus (RO) and raphe pallidus (RP) on ventilation and other physiological variables in both the awake and sleep states in adult goats. Through chronically implanted microtubules, 1) a focal acidosis was created by microdialysis of mock cerebrospinal fluid (mCSF), equilibrated with various levels of CO2, and 2) medullary...