BACKGROUND Vivid descriptions of the phenomenology of focal task-specific dystonia (FTSD) date back to the late nineteenth century. METHODS In this review, I summarize the natural history, phenomenology, and treatment of FTSD, focusing on nineteenth-century neurologists' descriptions of the phenomenology, etiology, treatment, and mechanism. RESULTS Examining these texts through a twenty-fir...

Introduction. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated disorders (MOGAD) are immunemediated inflammatory conditions of the central nervous system (CNS) with a wide clinical phenotypic variability. In order to further understand possible phenotype MOGAD here we report pediatric case acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) MOG antibodies. Case outline. A previously healthy four...

  Little is known about the results of pallidal deep brain stimulation (DBS) in DYT6 dystonia. This will be the first report of DYT6 dystonia treated with pallidal DBS from Iran. A 21 years old male patient with DYT6 dystonia underwent bilateral deep brain stimulation. The target of DBS was the sensorimotor region of the posteroventralglobuspallidusinternus (GPi). DBS parameters included an amp...

View Large Image Figure ViewerDownload Hi-res image Download (PPT)View (PPT) Research is limited regarding the prevalence of drug-induced movement disorders in residents long-term care (LTC) facilities. By contrast, there extensive literature documenting that this population typically at a higher risk for disorders: both median age LTC and increased use pharmacological interventions contribute ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Autoimmune disease has long been intertwined with investigations of infectious causes. Antibodies that are formed against an infectious agent can, through the process of molecular mimicry, also recognize healthy cells. When this occurs, the immune system erroneously destroys the healthy cells causing autoimmune disease in addition to appropriately destroying the offending infe...

A 19-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of excessive grinning. Examination revealed unrestrained grinning and mild symmetric parkinsonism. Wilson disease was suspected and confirmed by the presence of Kayser-Fleischer ring (figure), suggestive brain MRI (figure), low ceruloplasmin, and high urinary copper levels. Wilson disease is a disorder of copper metabolism characterized by hepa...

The aim of this article is to evaluate if body awareness is important to improve the writing ability before using the splints. Twelve patients with writer's cramp were evaluated by a specialist in movement disorders. The Burke-Fahn-Marsden Scale (BFM), the Jedynak Protocol and the Analog Pain Scale were used. The rehabilitation training was administered over an eight-week period, in two phases ...

Clinical observations suggest that certain gut and dietary factors may transiently worsen symptoms in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), epilepsy and some inheritable metabolic disorders. Propionic acid (PPA) is a short chain fatty acid and an important intermediate of cellular metabolism. PPA is also a by-product of a subpopulation of human gut enterobacteria and is a common food preservative. W...