Khoy, one of the major cities in the west Azarbaijan province is known for its nature, military, border positions, proximity to the Silk Road, including many different cultures and overall is one of the important settlements in the area. This essay investigates Khoy city’s expansion, from early Islam until late Qajar (Fourth - Fourteenth century) according to historical documents. This article ...

This article brings together tiles of 16th century Persian architecture and 21st century digital tiles of moving image to explore new potentials beyond the perceived image. As minimal parts of a bigger image, they both appear still and motionless. However, Persian Islamic philosopher, Mulla Sadrā Shirazi’s (1571-1640) theory of ‘substantial motion’ (al-harakat a...

Bacterial pneumonia with empyema is a serious complication of influenza and commonly resulted in death during the 1918 influenza pandemic. We hypothesize that deaths caused by parapneumonic empyema are increasing in Utah once again despite advances in critical care and the availability of antimicrobial drugs and new vaccines. In this study, we analyzed the historical relationship between deaths...

evaluation criteria for different versions of the same database the concept of information, during its development, is connected to the concept of entropy created by the 19th century termodynamics scholars. information means, in this view point, order or negentropy. on the other hand, entropy is connected to the concepts as chaos and noise, which cause, in turn, disorder. in the present paper, ...

the oldest works of muslim scholars in the fields of kalām , ḥadīth and tafsīr during the 2nd and 3rd centuries ah rarely offer an explicit basis for regarding the qur’ān as an inimitable miracle of the prophet. however, the issue appears fully fledged in the works of scholars such as al-bāqillānī, qāḍī ‘abd al-jabbār and al-sharīf al- murtaḍā. this silence in the early islamic centuries, when ...