Acetylcholine, the parasympathetic neurotransmitter, shortens the action potential duration of cat atrial muscle cells, but not ventricular muscle cells. In mammalian species, atrial tissue receives a richer cholinergic nerve supply than ventricular tissue. To determine whether chronic withdrawal of cholinergic tone might influence the subsequent response of these tissues to cholinergic stimula...

Laser-induced eye injuries have been reported more and more often in the past years, yet the laser is not a modern invention. Based on stimulated emission, the wavelength, energy dose and pulse duration of the laser are the determining factors for its possible hazard potential. The eye, which is the most vulnerable body part for laser radiation, can be affected. As medical treatment is discusse...

Frequency-chirped free-electron lasers (FELs) are useful to generate a large photon bandwidth or a shorter xray pulse duration. In this paper, we present a threedimensional analysis of a high-gain FEL driven by the energy-chirped electron beam. We show that the FEL eigenmode equation is the same for a frequency-chirped FEL as for an undulator-tapered FEL. We study the transverse effects of such...

objective: to identify the proportion and some selected characteristics of juvenile diabetics attending birdem hospital. materials and methods: this was a cross sectional study. the study was conducted in the birdem hospital. all diabetic young aged up to 18 years who visit birdem hospital were included in study population. the sample size was 240. results: it was observed that among the respon...

Acetylcholine, the parasympathetic neurotransmitter, shortens the action potential duration of cat atrial muscle cells, but not ventricular muscle cells. In mammalian species, atrial tissue receives a richer cholinergic nerve supply than ventricular tissue. To determine whether chronic withdrawal of cholinergic tone might influence the subsequent response of these tissues to cholinergic stimula...

Action potential duration and contractility are reduced following premature excitations, and gradually increase as the stimulus interval is lengthened. To examine these phenomena of electrical and mechanical restitution in the human heart, we simultaneously measured action potential duration and the maximum rate of left ventricular pressure in five patients undergoing electrophysiological study...

The relative potency of lignocaine, bupivacaine and etidocaine was estimated by forearm skin weals in four volunteers. Potency was estimated as the time to half-recovery of a sharp sensation in response to a needle-prick. The increase in duration of action with increased concentration was greater for bupivacaine and etidocaine as compared with lignocaine. At the same concentrations, bupivacaine...

Sudden cardiac death due to ventricular arrhythmias often caused by action potential duration (APD) prolongation is a common mode of death in heart failure (HF). microRNAs, noncoding RNAs that fine tune gene expression, are frequently dysregulated during HF, suggesting a potential involvement in the electrical remodeling process accompanying HF progression. Here, we identified miR-19b as an imp...

Some applications involve automatic generation and execution of schedules that contain actions with uncertain durations. Such uncertainty can cause schedules to break during execution. This paper presents a technique, called Just-In-Case scheduling or JIC, for building robust schedules that tend not to break. The technique implements the common sense idea of being prepared for likely errors, ju...