OBJECTIVES In this study, we investigated whether increasing stimulus duration could improve performance on a test of attention and short-term memory in cognitively impaired individuals. METHODS A computer-generated forward digit span test was administered to 65 patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia (28 intervention and 37 controls). After point of failure, testing in the interv...

In 1996 Zhou and Hansen proposed a first-order interval logic called Neighbourhood Logic (NL) for specifying liveness and fairness of computing systems and also defining notions of real analysis in terms of expanding modalities. After that, Roy and Zhou presented a sound and relatively complete Duration Calculus as an extension of NL. We present an embedding of NL into an idempotent semiring of...

In this paper we present a syntactical approach for deriving real-time programs from a formal specification of the requirements of real-time systems. The main idea of our approach is to model discretization at state level by introducing the discrete states approximating the continuous ones, and then derive a specification of the control program over discrete states. Then the control program is ...

Recent advances in pulsed electron gun technology have resulted in femtosecond electron pulses becoming available for ultrafast electron diffraction experiments. For experiments investigating chemical dynamics in the gas phase, the resolution is still limited to picosecond time scales due to the velocity mismatch between laser and electron pulses. Tilted laser pulses can be used for velocity ma...

The aim of this study is to perform a simulation study of the thermal and mechanical effects of a flat rectangular (3 × 10 mm), MRI compatible transducer operating at 5 MHz for the purpose of destroying atherosclerotic plaque. The simulation study focuses on measuring the plaque destruction (due to the thermal of mechanical mode of ultrasound) as a function of power, time, frequency, duty facto...

Triangulation and histological studies were made of skin ablation depths following skin treatments with a Fotona Dynamis Er:YAG laser system. The following laser handpieces were used in the study: Full beam handpieces R04 and R11; Stamping patterned handpieces PS01, PS02 and PS03; fractionated handpiece FS01 and c) Scanning fractional handpiece F22. The laser fluence (F) was found to be the maj...

Pulsed laser machining offers many unique capabilities that continuous-wave (CW) laser machining cannot. In pulsed laser machining, however, the additional process parameters of peak power, pulse frequency and pulse duration make it more difficult to find and fine tune a suitable operation window. This becomes harder in micromachining applications where tolerance of inaccuracy is smaller. How t...

To study the influence of crash pulse duration on injury risk, data of 272 real life frontal collisions with recorded crash pulses was used. 371 restrained occupants were included. It was found that compared with acceleration, the duration has a limited influence on injury risk. The study shows that the average pulse duration in cases with AIS2+ injuries was 7 % longer than in cases with AIS1 i...

When clusters of deuterium are irradiated with an intense, ultrafast laser pulse, the clusters explode, generating ions with kinetic energies high enough to produce nuclear-fusion events. Here we present experimental measurements of the dependence of the fusion yield of an exploding deuterium-cluster plasma on pulse energy up to the 10-J level for incident pulse durations of 100 fs and 1 ps. Th...

Hybrid Communicating Sequential Processes (HCSP) extends CSP to include differential equations and interruptions. We feel comfortable in our experience with HCSP to model scenarios of the Level 3 of Chinese Train Control System (CTCS-3), and to define a formal semantics for Simulink. The Hoare style calculus of [5] proposes a calculus to verify HCSP processes. However it has an error with respe...