The Amazon rain forest may undergo significant change in response to future climate change. To determine the likelihood and causes of such changes, the authors analyzed the output of 24 models from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) and a dynamic vegetation model, Vegetation–Global–Atmosphere–Soil (VEGAS), driven by these climate output. Their re...

Floodplain forests, namely the Várzea and Igapó, cover an area of more than 97 000 km2. A key factor for their function and diversity is annual flooding. Increasing air temperature and higher precipitation variability caused by climate change are expected to shift the flooding regime during this century, and thereby impact floodplain ecosystems, their biodiversity and riverine ecosystem service...

Grasslands occupy nearly three quarters of the land surface of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau (QTP) and play a critical role in regulating the ecological functions of the QTP. Ongoing climate change and human interference have greatly affected grasslands on the QTP. Differentiating human-induced and climate-driven vegetation changes is vital for both ecological understanding and the management of hu...

Current agroecosystem management practices in tropical latitudes may not be an economically feasible and an effective long-term adaptation strategy to climate change. As such, implementing, improving and refining sustainable land management practices may be a more effective adaptation strategy. This study determined the perception and knowledge of climate change by landowners in a remote Costa ...

Interannual variability in the global land carbon sink is strongly related to variations tropical temperature and rainfall. This association suggests an important role for moisture-driven fluctuations vegetation productivity, but empirical evidence quantify responsible ecological processes missing. Such can be obtained from tree-ring data that a major productivity component: woody biomass growt...

Scientific challenges exist on how to extract information from thewide range of projected impacts simulated by cropmodels driven by climate ensembles. A stronger focus is required to understand and identify themechanisms and drivers of projected changes in crop yield. In this study, we investigate the robustness of future projections offivemetrics relevant to agriculture stakeholders (accumulat...