Euthanasia and assisted suicide involve taking deliberate action to end or assist in ending the life of another person on compassionate grounds. There is considerable disagreement about the acceptability of these acts and about whether they are ethically distinct from decisions to forgo life-sustaining treatment. Euthanasia and assisted suicide are punishable offences under Canadian criminal la...

Over a million people in the United States are employed in private security and law enforcement, yet very little is known about the effects of private police on crime. The current study examines the relationship between a privately funded university police force and crime in a large US city. Following an expansion of the jurisdictional boundary of the private police force, we see no short-term ...

Intimate partner violence was previously considered a private matter sometimes requiring law enforcement intervention. It is increasingly accepted as not only a medical issue for the victim, but a public and safety issue. Some of these other related issues, including unplanned pregnancy, same-sex relationships, overlap with elder, child, and animal abuse, and effects on workplace and school vio...

This study collected information on arrests for child pornography (CP) production at two points (2000-2001 and 2006) from a national sample of more than 2,500 law enforcement agencies. In addition to providing descriptive data about an understudied crime, the authors examined whether trends in arrests suggested increasing CP production, shifts in victim populations, and challenges to law enforc...

The ever-growing threats of fraud and security incidents present many challenges to law enforcement and organisations across the globe. This has given rise to the need for organisations to build effective incident management strategies, which will enhance the company’s reactive capability to security incidents. The aim of this paper is to propose proactive activities an organisation can underta...

An unintentional discharge (UD) is an activation of the trigger mechanism that results in an unplanned discharge that is outside of the firearm's prescribed use. UDs can result in injury or death, yet have been understudied in scientific literature. Pre-existing (1974-2015) UD reports (N = 137) from seven law enforcement agencies in the United States of America were analyzed by context, officer...

Price-fixing is characterized when firms are concerned about creating suspicions about collusion and bringing forth antitrust penalties. Antitrust laws have a complex effect on pricing as they influence the conditions determining the internal stability of the cartel. Dynamics are driven by two forces the sensitivity of detection to price movements causes a cartel to gradually raise price while ...

American accomplice law is a disgrace. It treats the accomplice in terms of guilt and, potentially, punishment, as if she were the perpetrator, even when her culpability is often less than that of the perpetrator and/or her involvement in the crime is tangential. The subject of accomplice liability has received relatively little scholarly attention in the United States except for a flurry of in...

This paper reviews and then discusses selected findings from a seventeen year study about the population prevalence of people who inject drugs (PWID) and of HIV prevalence and mortality among PWID in 96 large US metropolitan areas. Unlike most research, this study was conducted with the metropolitan area as the level of analysis. It found that metropolitan area measures of income inequality and...

It may help to remind ourselves why I and others would be writing over twenty years ago about turning off respirators. The short answer is that the law needed to take account of, and take a view on, what was becoming a growing practice. The law, of course, is dynamic. It grows and reshapes itself over time. Medical law is particular proof of this. There is little in the old books on criminal la...