The fluoride concentration in ground water was determined in Sankarankovil block of Tirunelveli district of Tamilnadu (India) where it is the only source of drinking water. Various other water quality parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity total hardness and total alkalinity as well as calcium, magnesium, carbonate, bicarbonate and chloride concentrations were also measured. A systemati...

The study was conducted in the summer season (April-May 2007). The fluoride concentration along with physico-chemical parameters in ground water samples was determined in various villages of Kadi tehsil at Mehsana district of Gujarat state (India), since in most of the villages it is the only source of drinking water. The fluoride concentrations in these villages varied from 0.94 to 2.81 mg/L (...

In Northern Thailand, incidences of fluorosis resulting from the consumption of high-fluoride drinking-water have been documented. In this study, we mapped the high-fluoride endemic areas and described the relevant transport processes of fluoride in enriched waters in the provinces of Chiang Mai and Lamphun. Over one thousand surface and sub-surface water samples including a total of 995 collec...

BACKGROUND Fluoride additives contain metal contaminants that must be diluted to meet drinking water regulations. However, each raw additive batch supplied to water facilities does not come labeled with concentrations per contaminant. This omission distorts exposure profiles and the risks associated with accidents and routine use. OBJECTIVES This study provides an independent determination of...

46. Jacobsen SJ, O'Fallon WM, Melton III IJ. Hip fracture incidence before and after fluoridation of the publicwater supply, Rochester, Minnesota. American Journal of Public Health 83 743-745 1993.47. Suarez-Almazor ME, Flowerdew G, Saunders LD et al. The fluoridation of drinking water and hip fracturehospitalization rates in 2 Canadian communities. American Journal of Public He...

INTRODUCTION Quality drinking water should be free from harmful levels of impurities such as heavy metals and other inorganic elements. METHODS Samples of tap water collected from 24 locations in Peninsular Malaysia were determined for inorganic element content. Minerals and heavy metals were analysed by spectroscopy methods, while non-metal elements were analysed using test kits. RESULTS M...

Water fluoridation is unnatural. It is particularly inappropriate to put fluoride into the public drinking water because fluoride is not an essential nutrient. Not one single process in the human body needs fluoride to function properly. Nature has given its own verdict on the lack of need for fluoride. The level in mothers’ milk is extremely low (0.004 ppm , NRC, 2006, p.40). That’s right fluo...

This study aims to assess the link between fluoride content in groundwater and its impact on dental health in rural communities of the Ethiopian Rift. A total of 148 water samples were collected from two drainage basins within the Main Ethiopian Rift (MER). In the Ziway-Shala basin in particular, wells had high fluoride levels (mean: 9.4±10.5mg/L; range: 1.1 to 68 mg/L), with 48 of 50 exceeding...

Background Access to clean and safe drinking water is still a problem in developing countries and more pronounced in rural areas. Due to erratic supply of potable, rural dwellers often seek for an alternative source of water to meet their basic water needs. The objective of this study is to monitor the microbiological and physicochemical water quality parameters of Nzhelele River which is a maj...

Introduction Fluoride (F−) is an important anion, present in various environmental, clinical and food samples. Small amounts of fluoride are vital for the human organism, but it is toxic in larger amounts. For adults the lethal dose is 0.20–0.35 g F− per kg body weight. Fluoride is widely used in various branches of industry and some fluoride compounds are formed as by-products in certain proce...