Abstract Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common disease that results in motor and sensory disorders even lifelong paralysis. The transplantation of stem cells, such as embryonic cells (ESCs), induced pluripotent (iPSCs), mesenchymal (MSCs), or subsequently generated stem/progenitor predicted to be promising treatment for SCI. In this study, we aimed investigate effect human iPSC-derive...

Application of graph transformations for software verification and model transformation is an emergent field of research. In particular, graph transformation approaches provide a natural way of modelling object oriented systems and semantics of object-oriented languages. There exist a number of tools for graph transformations that are often specialised in a particular kind of graphs and/or grap...

We present a new concept for the realization of finite element computations on parallel machines with distributed memory. The parallel programming model is based on a dynamic data structure addressed by points. All geometric objects (cells, faces, edges) are referenced by their midpoints, and all algebraic data structures (vectors and matrices) are tied to the nodal points of the finite element...

A 3.3 kb fragment from Erwinia amylovora phage Ea1h in plasmid pJH94 was previously characterized and found to contain an exopolysaccharide depolymerase (dpo) gene and two additional ORFs encoding 178 and 119 amino acids. ORF178 (lyz) and ORF119 (hol) were found to overlap by 19 bp and they resembled genes encoding lysozymes and holins. In nucleotide sequence alignments, lyz had structurally co...

In several rule-based applications using graph transformation as underlying modeling technique the following questions arise: How can one be sure that a specific sequence of rules is applicable (resp. not applicable) on a given graph? Of course, it is possible to use a trial and error strategy to find out the answer to these questions. In this paper however, we will formulate suitable sufficien...

This paper is based on two general concepts. The first one is a generic component framework for system modeling presented at FASE 2002, which is especially useful for graphand net-based modeling techniques. The second one is the concept of high-level replacement systems, which has been studied within the last decade as an abstraction of the DPO-approach for graph transformation systems in a cat...

Bisimilarity is the most widespread notion of behavioral equivalence and hence algorithms for bisimulation checking are of fundamental importance for verifying that two systems are behaviorally equivalent (seen from the perspective of the environment). We investigate this problem in the context of behavioral equivalences of graphs and graph transformation systems, where the extension of the DPO...

The syntheses of two new ligands, 3,4-di(2-pyridyl)-1,2,5-oxadiazole (dpo) and 3,4-di(2-pyridyl)-1,2,5-thiadiazole (dpt), are described. Complexes with palladium and copper have seven-membered chelate rings with coordination through the two pyridine nitrogens, whereas in the silver nitrate complex of dpt the ligand acts as a bridge between metal centres. Studies of the mononuclear ruthenium com...

Several variants of high-level replacement (HLR) and adhesive categories have been introduced in the literature as categorical frameworks for graph transformation and HLR systems based on the double pushout (DPO) approach. In addition to HLR, adhesive, and adhesive HLR categories several weak variants, especially weak adhesive HLR with horizontal and vertical variants, as well as partial varian...

Adhesive high-level replacement (HLR) systems are introduced as a new categorical framework for graph transformation in the double pushout (DPO) approach, which combines the well-known concept of HLR systems with the new concept of adhesive categories introduced by Lack and Sobociński. In this paper we show that most of the HLR properties, which had been introduced to generalize some basic resu...