Through the lens of a DSGE model, I find that financial shocks in conjunction with downward nominal wage rigidities (DNWR) are important features explaining degree asymmetry U.S. business cycles exhibit. Financial constructed as residuals borrowing constraint faced by firms similar fashion to Jermann and Quadrini (2012). The effects these on aggregate quantity variables amplified DNWR, especial...

Research & Development in Material Science Downward Vertical Continuous Casting of Industrial Lead Zakaria Boumerzoug*, Nahala Soundsous Boutaba and Khawla Helis Mechanical Engineering Department, University Biskra, Algeria *Corresponding author:Zakaria Boumerzoug, Submission: July 12, 2023;Published: 19, 2023 DOI: 10.31031/RDMS.2023.19.000957 ISSN: 2576-8840 Volume 19 Issue 2

After a decade of research in low-power data collection, reaching arbitrary nodes has received comparatively little attention. The leading protocol for low-power IPv6 routing, RPL, is no exception, as it is often studied in multipoint-to-point scenarios. As a result, downward routing (from root to node) is still notoriously difficult, holding back the emergence of Internet of Things application...

Growth of unemployment, employment, vacancies and wages exhibit strong asymmetries between expansionary and contractionary phases of the business cycle. This is also very apparent during the crisis of 2008-2009 for the US and European countries. In this paper we analyse to what degree downward wage rigidities in the bargaining process affect other variables of the labour market, output, inflati...

A problem that often arises in using abstraction is the generation of abstract states, called spurious states, that are—in the abstract space—reachable from some abstract image of a state s, but which have no corre-image of a state s, but which have no corresponding state in the original space reachable from s. Spurious states can have a negative effect on pattern database sizes and heuristic q...

Downward causation is the controversial idea that 'higher' levels of organization can causally influence behaviour at 'lower' levels of organization. Here I propose that we can gain traction on downward causation by being operational and examining how adaptive systems identify regularities in evolutionary or learning time and use these regularities to guide behaviour. I suggest that in many ada...