The purpose of using estimated values such as: provisions and write-downs of assets is to limit economic risk. Provisions should protect the entity against the adverse effects of future economic events that are possible to predict, and the write-downs of assets should protect the entity against overvaluation of its assets beyond their true value. However, in business practice, these estimates, ...

The purpose of this study is to formulate cephalometric norms of the Saudi population; and to evaluate whether significant cephalometric differences exist between Saudi and Caucasian patients. Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 60 selected Saudis (30 males and 30 females) with esthetically pleasing and harmonious faces, Angle I molar relationship, with all permanent teeth present and no histo...

OBJECTIVE Using subjective measures, this study investigated singers' and listeners' perceptions of changes in voice condition after vocal cool-down exercises. STUDY DESIGN A single-subject crossover was designed to evaluate whether there were discernible differences in either singer or listener perceptions from pre (no vocal cool downs) to post (with cool downs) test. Subjective questionnair...

The pioneering model of electoral competition was developed by Harold Hotelling and Anthony Downs. The model developed by Hotelling and Downs and many subsequent models in the literature about electoral competition have assumed that candidates embody policies and, if a voter is not indifferent between the policies embodied by two candidates, then the voter’s choices are fully determined by his ...

Leishmania parasites include important pathogens and model organisms are even used for the production of recombinant proteins. However, functional genomics characterization essential genes often limited in because low-throughput technologies gene disruption or tagging absence components RNA interference. Here, we tested T7 polymerase-dependent CRISPR-Cas9 system by Beneke et al. glmS ribozyme-b...