There is growing evidence that oscillatory brain activity is involved in Gestalt recognition processes. However, it is still a question at issue whether this activity is correlated to high-level cognitive top-down processes or to perceptual bottom-up processes [1]. In contrast imaginary events are supposed to be pure top-down processes, which makes them a possibility to differenciate between bo...

BACKGROUND: The lockdown would become the primary strategy for facing covid-19 as it quickly mutates which might cause repeated pandemics; however, negatively affects individuals’ quality of life (QOL). schizophrenia caregivers experience considerable stress. research on impact COVID-19 QOL is essential, especially those who reside in rural areas. AIM: This study aimed to investigate lockdown-r...

Introduction: Meatoplasty is the final and essential step in performing effective canal wall down surgery for chronic otitis media. In this article we review some previous techniques and discuss our preferred method. Materials and Methods: In this observational case series study, we used this technique in 53 patients (28 male and 25 female) between January 2005 and January 2008. Our survey was ...

Objectives: One of the most effective methods to describe speech disorders is the measurement of speech intelligibility. The speech intelligibility indicates the extent of acoustic signals that correctly speaker produces and hearer receives. The purpose of this study was to investigate the speech intelligibility in the Persian children with Down syndrome, age range was 3 to 5 years, who had spo...

We propose an autonomous mental development model that can voluntarily decide where and what it wants to see based on a bottom-up and top-down visual selective attention model in conjunction with human interaction. The proposed bottom-up saliency map model was developed by mimicking the functions of the visual pathway from the retina to the visual cortex through LGN. A low level topdown attenti...

Trust and cooperation often break down across group boundaries, contributing to pernicious consequences, from polarized political structures to intractable conflict. As such, addressing such conflicts require first understanding why trust is reduced in intergroup settings. Here, we clarify the structure of intergroup trust using neuroscientific and behavioral methods. We found that trusting ing...