dna sequencing is the most conclusive method for emm (m protein gene) typing of streptococcus pyogenes. this method is not a feasible approach in developing countries where streptococcal infection is widespread among adults and children. alternatively the pcr-rflp has the potential for rapid screening of different types of s. pyogenes. to document the emm type distribution of s. pyogenes in a g...

We report a comparative evaluation of three different laboratory methods for screening large numbers of mouthwash DNA samples for common cystic fibrosis mutations. Sensitivity, specificity, and costs of ARMS (allele refractory mutation detection system), dot blotting, and a deletion/digest/PAGE method (multiplex PCR of exons 10 and 11, digest with HincII followed by polyacrylamide gel electroph...

In Rive90] the MD4 message digest algorithm was introduced taking an input message of arbitrary length and producing an output 128-bit message digest. It is conjectured that it is computationally infeasible to produce two messages having the same message digest, or to produce any message having a given prespeciied target message. In this paper it is shown that if the three round MD4 algorithm i...

HTTP Digest, as specified in RFC 2617, is known to be vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks if the client fails to authenticate the server in TLS, or if the same passwords are used for authentication in some other context without TLS. This is a general problem that exists not just with HTTP Digest, but also with other IETF protocols that use tunneled authentication. This document specifies ve...

RDF(Resource Description Framework), graph, digest, signature, cryptography, security Efficient algorithms are needed for computing the digest of a Resource Description Framework (RDF) graph. These may be used to assign unique content-dependent identifiers and for use in digital signatures, allowing a recipient to verify that RDF was generated by a particular individual and/or has not been alte...

We report a simple stepped growth process for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) having excellent field emission properties. CNT growth was interrupted in the process. During the interruption, the catalyst was re-activated in-situ. This resulted in enhanced growth of the CNTs after the interruption and a film of CNTs re-grew on top of an existing CNT film at much higher rates. The enhance...