Abstract In the nanoscale regime, the double-gate MOSFET can provide superior short-channel behavior. For this structure, device scaling issues are explored. Gate length scaling will be limited by the ability to control off-state leakage current due to quantum tunneling and thermionic emission between the source and drain as well as band-to-band tunneling between the body and drain. Lateral S/D...

Carrier-induced ferromagnetism in wide-gap transparent conductive oxides has been widely discussed and debated, leading to confusion and skepticism regarding whether dilute magnetic oxides exist at all. We show from density-functional calculations within a band-gap corrected approach that ferromagnetic Cr-Cr coupling can be switched on and off via electron doping in the wide-gap transparent n-t...

On the materials scale, thermoelectric efficiency is defined by the dimensionless figure of merit zT . This value is made up of three material components in the form zT = Tα/ρκ, where α is the Seebeck coefficient, ρ is the electrical resistivity, and κ is the total thermal conductivity. Therefore, improving zT would require the reduction of κ and ρ while increasing α. However, due to the inter-...

Doping controls are carried out in all international mega sports organizations such as the Olympic Games to determine use of doping. Prevention doping is by "Anti-doping Organization", WADA, which has an participation structure. However, issues doping, agents, and using methods attract attention researchers. The research aims analyze scientific publications between 1980 2021 make a holistic ana...

Objective: Despite the prevalence of doping in sport and the need for doping prevention strategies, information about doping awareness among medical professionals is limited. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the knowledge and attitude of South African pharmacists (Ps) and general practitioners (GPs) towards doping in sports. Methods: An online survey questionnaire was completed by...

The biochemical actions and side effects of recombinant erythropoietins (rhEPOs), their analogs and mimetics, their misuse as doping agents, and the principal analytical strategies developed to identify them in athletes' biologic fluids are reviewed. Patients who experience a range of pathologies have benefited from the administration of rhEPOs to correct severe anemia. Currently, monitoring th...

In 2009, the Japan Anti-Doping Agency (JADA) established Sports Pharmacist-a system for certified pharmacists. There are many over-the-counter drugs that contain prohibited substances in Japan, and they are easily available. In Japan, most doping violations are committed when athletes unintentionally take prohibited substances. Therefore, the Sports Pharmacist has a vital role in promoting the ...

BACKGROUND Understanding athletes' attitudes and behavioural intentions towards performance enhancement is critical to informing anti-doping intervention strategies. Capturing the complexity of these attitudes beyond verbal declarations requires indirect methods. This pilot study was aimed at developing and validating a method to assess implicit doping attitudes using an Implicit Associations T...

in this work, tio2 /sio2 (pure anatase), and tio2 /sio2 (anatase/rutile) nano-photocatalysts are prepared by using sol-gel method and control of acidity. the particles size is calculated using scheerer, s equation and is estimated to be around 7-15 nm. in order to improve the photocatalytic activity of tio2 /sio2 ,1% (wt) platinum particles are loaded on both catalysts using photoreductive meth...