Transcriptional termination of mammalian RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is an essential but little-understood step in protein-coding gene expression. Mechanistically, termination by all DNA-dependent RNA polymerases can be reduced to two steps, namely release of the RNA transcript and release of the DNA template. Using a simple nuclear fractionation procedure, we have monitored transcript and templ...

The action of iron-bleomycin and O2 in cleaving DNA has been resolved into two kinetic events following the initial attack on DNA by the kinetically competent drug species, "activated bleomycin." At 4 degrees C, DNA strand scission, monitored both viscometrically and fluorimetrically (t1/2 = 2.5-5 min), precedes the release from DNA of nucleic base propenals, which is half complete in about 40 ...

The regulation of protein uptake and secretion is crucial for (inter)cellular signaling. Mimicking these molecular events essential when engineering synthetic cellular systems. A first step towards achieving this goal obtaining control over the release proteins from cells in response to an external trigger. Herein, we have developed artificial cell that sequesters releases proteinaceous cargo u...

Cell extracts from Micrococcus luteus release both free 3-methyladenine and free 7-methylguanine from alkylated DNA. The glycosylase activity responsible for the liberation of 7-methylguanine is not 3-methyladenine-DNA glycosylase, which, when purified, does not liberate it. Furthermore, the heat inactivation rates of the two enzymatic activities are different. The release of 7-methylguanine by...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to analyze whether in chronic lymphocytic leukemia the cytosolic release of histone H1.2, a new apoptogenic mechanism induced by DNA damage, was associated with the presence of genetic abnormalities and with the response to treatment. DESIGN AND METHODS Primary tumoral chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells from 25 patients were investigated for histone H1.2 c...

Controlled release studies of DNA from polymers have been limited, with most studies concentrating on microsphere formulations. This report details a study done on the release and transfection efficiencies of pDNA-lipofectamine complex (lipoplex), from selected polymeric films in which it was dispersed; the release and transfection efficiency was compared with that of naked pDNA. A biodegradabl...

The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), prostaglandins (PGs), proinflammatory cytokines, and proteases has been implicated in the pathogenesis of term and preterm labor. The nuclear factorB (NFB) transcription pathway is activated by ROS and is a key regulator of PGs, proinflammatory cytokine release, and protease activity. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is an antioxidant that through its abil...