Currently no reports are available from Egypt regarding occupational exposure to nickel and its effects on the liver. The aim of this study was to assess the liver function of workers occupationally exposed to nickel. Standard liver function tests were applied to blood samples from 25 nickel-plating workers in Damietta, Egypt and 30 administrative workers as a reference group. Levels of urine n...

Nickel-induced toxicity and carcinogenicity, with an emphasis on the generation and role of reactive oxygen species is reviewed. Nickel is a known haematotoxic, immunotoxic, neurotoxic, genotoxic, reproductive toxic, pulmonary toxic, nephrotoxic , hepatotoxic and carcinogenic agent. This article presents a selective review on nickel and effect of its acute, subchronic and chronic doses on certa...

Nickel has not been shown to be essential for humans. Orally ingested nickel salts can cause adverse effects on kidneys, spleen, lungs and the myeloid system in experimental animals. Furthermore, perinatal mortality was reported to be increased in the offspring of female rats ingesting nickel salts, even at the lowest administered dose (1.3 mg nickel/kg body weight/day). While there is evidence...

The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified nickel compounds as carcinogenic to humans, but it is still not known with certainty which forms of nickel pose the risk. In a case-control study of Norwegian nickel-refinery workers, the authors examined dose-related associations between lung cancer and cumulative exposure to four forms of nickel: water-soluble, sulfidic, oxidic, a...

A series of nickel-containing mesoporous silica samples (Ni-SiO₂) with different nickel content (3.1%-13.2%) were synthesized by the evaporation-induced self-assembly method. Their catalytic activity was tested in carbon dioxide reforming of methane. The characterization results revealed that the catalysts, e.g., 6.7%Ni-SiO₂, with highly dispersed small nickel particles, exhibited excellent cat...

Coenzyme F430 is a nickel porphinoid found in all methanogenic bacteria. Extended-X-ray-absorption-fine-structure (e.x.a.f.s.) spectra have been recorded above the nickel K-edge of coenzyme F430 and two model compounds, (5,10,15,20-tetramethylporphinato) nickel(II) and (5,10,15,20-tetramethylchlorinato)-nickel(II). The results show that the four nickel-nitrogen distances in F430 are split, with...

Experimental studies on animaIs exposed to nickel and various nickel compounds were reviewed previously in the lARC Monographs (!ARC,. 1976, 1987). Recen~ reviews on the biological and carcinogenic properties of nickel have been compiled by Fairhurst and Illng (1987), Kasprzak (1987) and Sunderman (1989), among others. In addition, a detailed document on the health effects of nickel has been

Nickel is a well-known human lung carcinogen with the particulate form being the most potent; however, the carcinogenic mechanism remains largely unknown. Few studies have investigated the genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of nickel in its target cell, human bronchial epithelial cells. Thus, the goal of this study was to investigate the effects of particulate nickel in human lung epithelial cell...

For the treatment of acute poisoning from the inhalation of nickel carbonyl, sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (Dithiocarb) has proved to be a specific antidote; tetraethylthiuram (Antabuse) is effective to a lesser degree; d-penicillamine and dimercaprol (BAL) have limited therapeutic value. For the treatment of nickel eczema and dermatitis, favorable response has been obtained by placing patients...

Nickel is a potent environmental pollutant in industrial countries. Because nickel compounds are carcinogenic, exposure to nickel represents a serious hazard to human health. The understanding of how nickel exerts its toxic and carcinogenic effects at a molecular level may be important in risk assessment, as well as in the treatment and prevention of occupational diseases. Previously, using hum...