Under conventional models, subsidizing energy efficiency requires electricity to be priced below marginal cost. Its benefits increase when electricity prices increase to finance the subsidy. With high prices, subsidies are counterproductive unless consumers fail to make efficiency investments when private benefits exceed costs. If the gain from adopting efficiency is only reduced electricity sp...

In the current work, we present use of two free-base and zinc-metallated porphyrin-ruthenium(II) polypyridine dyads, along with reference porphyrin derivatives, as sensitizers in both n- p-type DSSCs DSPECs. Two dyads contain well-known Ru(bpy)3 unit (HOOC-DMP-Ru(bpy)3 HOOC-(Zn)DMP-Ru(bpy)3), while other terpyridine-Ru(Cl)-bypiridine was used (HOOC-DMP-tpy-Ru HOOC-(Zn)DMP-tpy-Ru). all systems, ...

We show that there is a unique correlated equilibrium, identical to the unique Nash equilibrium, in the classic Bertrand oligopoly model with homogenous goods and identical marginal costs. This provides a theoretical underpinning for the socalled “Bertrand paradox” as well as its most general formulation to date. Our proof generalizes to asymmetric marginal costs and arbitrarily many players in...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the ability of parameter instability tests in regressions with I(1) processes to discriminate between changes in the cointegrating relationship and changes in the marginal distribution of the regressors. Using annual data for the G-7 countries and the Purchasing Power Parity, we conclude that the regression coefficient between the price level differen...

This note discusses the relationships among three assumptions which appear frequently in the pricing literature. Each of these assumptions ensures that a “revenue function” is strictly unimodal over the region of interest. The three assumptions are decreasing marginal revenue with respect to demand, decreasing marginal revenue with respect to price and decreasing price elasticity of demand. We ...

This note discusses the relationships among three assumptions that appear frequently in the pricing/revenue management literature. These assumptions are mostly needed for analytical tractability, and they have the common property of ensuring a well-behaved “revenue function.” The three assumptions are decreasing marginal revenue with respect to demand, decreasing marginal revenue with respect t...

The degradation of 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (DMP) and decolorization of Remazol brilliant blue R dye (RBB), added to culture media of Pleurotus ostreatus developed in submerged fermentation, and the laccase, manganese peroxidase and veratryl alcohol oxidase activities produced in these systems were evaluated. Both compounds were removed from the culture medium mainly by enzymatic action. These compo...

Optimisation under uncertainty has always been a focal point within the Process Systems Engineering (PSE) research agenda. In particular, efficient manipulation of large amount data for uncertain parameters constitutes crucial condition effectively tackling stochastic programming problems. this context, work proposes new data-driven Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model Distribution & M...