Previous studies have reported that semantic richness facilitates visual word recognition (see, e.g., Buchanan, Westbury, & Burgess, 2001; Pexman, Holyk, & Monfils, 2003). We compared three semantic richness measures--number of semantic neighbors (NSN), the number of words appearing in similar lexical contexts; number of features (NF), the number of features listed for a word's referent; and co...

The articulatory range of a speaker has previously been estimated by the shape formed by first and second formant measurements of produced vowels. In a majority of the currently available metrics, formant frequency measurements are reduced to a single estimate for a condition, which has adverse consequences for subsequent statistical testing. Other metrics provide estimates of size of vowel art...

In this paper, a decoding method incorporating word-level conndence measures for improved speech recognition is presented. At rst, we focus on the estimation of conndence measures from the word graph and evaluate them in word graph rescoring (2nd-pass in 2-pass search system). Next, we propose the lexical tree search (1st-pass in 2-pass search system) incorporating the word-level conndence meas...

In this paper, we investigate two different models for transitions of neutrinos and how they are related to each other. The two models are: neutrino oscillations and neutrino decoherence. Neutrino oscillation models have been the standard description for neutrino transitions so far and still are. Neutrino decoherence models, on the other hand, have recently been discussed by several authors [1–...

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In this paper we estimate the effect of income and wage rates on the labor supply of men and women, ages 20-24. Economic theory predicts a positive substitution effect and; providing leisure is a normal good, a negative income effect. In general, we do find such effects empirically. The magnitude of the results depends very heavily on whether or not we control for the young person's school stat...