one of the most important summary measures of population health, is disability adjusted life years (daly), introduced for the first time in the project of global burden of disease (gbd), that is the newest as well as the most accepted and familial summary measure of health and the burden of diseases has been measured by this measure at national and regional levels in many countries of the world...

abstractwe are reporting a 43-year-old female breast cancer case with a solitary metastatic adenocarcinoma in clivus. this patient with a stage ii (t1n1m0) breast cancer history has been followed for 7 years.  modified radical mastectomy (mrm) and 6 courses chemotherapy with cmf (cyclophosphamide, metotrexate, 5fu) regimen were done for her at the time of diagnosis. also, she took tamoxifen twe...

background :breast cancer is the most common cancer among females that will cause death ifit does not be recognized and cured. one out of eight iranian women in 40-55years old is likely to develop breast cancer. early detection of breast cancerby screening programs is a useful approach in controlling the disease. methods :in this descriptive study, 196 female healthcare providers were selected ...

Background: There are studies that indicated dyshomeostasis of oxidant/antioxidant and trace elements in breast cancer patients, but the data regarding the status of these parameters in various stages of breast cancer are limited. The aim of this study was to highlight the status of these biochemical factors in various stages of breast cancer. Methods: Fifty-eight breast cancers patients par...

conclusions iglm should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses when granulomas are encountered in breast fnac and biopsy. a definitive diagnosis of iglm can be made by identifying its characteristic histomorphology and ruling out other causes for granulomatous inflammation. an exact diagnosis is essential since the treatment for different granulomatous conditions of the breast varie...

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most important malignancies in both developed and developing countries. Objectives: To reduce the burden of this disease, the prediction of individuals at risk and implementation of efficient preventive interventions can be effective. The present study was aimed at investigating five-year and lifetime risks of the breast cancer in a rural community in Za...

Background &Objective;: Breast cancer is the most common female malignancy. Detection of DNA of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) in breast carcinomas suggests that the virus may play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of HPVs genotypes 6, 11, 16, 18 and 31 in paraffin-embedded tissue samples of invasive breast carcinomas. Me...

twenty-one patients with advanced breast cancer (7 premenopausal and 14 postmenopausal women) were treated with a combination of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (cap). the median age of the patients was 43 years (range 36-61). this therapy was repeated every 3 weeks. nine patients (group 1) received cap as primary therapy for metastatic breast cancer, and twelve patients (group 2) ...