Intestinal lipoproteins, especially triglyceride-rich chylomicrons, are a major driver of metabolism, inflammation, and cardiovascular diseases. However, isolating intestinal lipoproteins is very difficult in vivo because they first secreted from the small intestine into mesenteric lymphatics. Chylomicron-containing lymph then empties subclavian vein thoracic duct to deliver components meal hea...

The antituberculosis activity of subtilin, an antibiotic agent introduced by Jansen and Hirschmann (1944), has been the subject of conflicting reports in the literature. Salle and Jann (1945) reported that subtilin in a dilution of 1:50,000 prevented surface growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on Long's synthetic medium, and that transfers into fresh medium made from tubes containing 1:10,000 ...

Quantitative predictions for the spread of mutations in bacterial populations are essential to interpret evolution experiments and to improve the stability of synthetic gene circuits. We derive analytical expressions for the suppression factor for beneficial mutations in populations that undergo periodic dilutions, covering arbitrary population sizes, dilution factors, and growth advantages in ...

The tube coagulase test (TCT) performed directly from positive blood culture bottles has been used to reduce the turnaround time for identifying Staphylococcus aureus. Most reports have shown the test to be specific but often lacking sufficient sensitivity to be useful. In a prospective study of blood culture bottles (BCB) signaling positive, with a Gram-stained smear showing gram-positive cocc...

Principles of fluid mechanics, gas-liquid mass transfer, and irradiance controlled algal growth are integrated into a method for designing tubular photobioreactors in which the culture is circulated by an airlift pump. A 0.2 m(3) photobioreactor designed using the proposed approach was proved in continuous outdoor culture of the microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum. The culture performance was a...

OBJECTIVES To compare the effect of a 6-fold range in gentamicin concentration on the bacterial killing of Staphylococcus aureus. METHODS Six 24 h duplicate experiments were performed using an in vitro pharmacodynamic model (IVPDM) which was inoculated with 10(6) cfu/mL S. aureus (ATCC 29213) and subjected to desired initial gentamicin concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/L. A 2 h half-li...

BACKGROUND A growing number of Mycobacterium chimaera infections after cardiosurgery have been reported by several countries. These potentially fatal infections were traced back to contaminated heater-cooler devices (HCDs), which use water as a heat transfer medium. Aerosolization of water contaminated with M. chimaera from HCDs enables airborne transmission to patients undergoing open chest su...