Based on the momentum transfer theory, an analytical model is proposed for the velocity and discharge distributions in compound channels with submerged vegetation on the floodplain. The partially vegetated channel was divided into three sub-regions, i.e. the main channel region, the floodplain region with submerged vegetation and the floodplain region without vegetation. For each region, the fo...

Vegetation patterns arise from the interplay between intraspecific and interspecific biotic interactions and from different abiotic constraints and interacting driving forces and distributions. In this study, we constructed an ensemble learning model that, based on spatially distributed environmental variables, could model vegetation patterns at the local scale. The study site was an alluvial f...

Principal component analysis (PCA) is one of the most commonly adopted feature reduction techniques in remote sensing image analysis. However, it may overlook subtle but useful information if directly applied to the analysis of hyperspectral data, especially for the discrimination among different vegetation types. In order to accurately map an invasive plant species (horse tamarind, Leucaena le...

In most habitats, vegetation provides the main structure of the environment. This complexity can facilitate biodiversity and ecosystem services. Therefore, measures of vegetation structure can serve as indicators in ecosystem management. However, many structural measures are laborious and require expert knowledge. Here, we used consistent and convenient measures to assess vegetation structure o...

The present survey was carried out in Oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) woodlands of Arghvan valley protected area, in Ilam province, western Iran. The main aim of this study was to survey the understory vegetation of oak in different classes of altitude (1400-1600, 1600-1800 and >1800 m) in the southern aspects, and their relationship with physical and chemical properties of soil. Four transects, w...

Several studies have shown a close relationship between vegetation fertility and different vegetation indices extracted from satellite data. The vegetation fertility in Arctic is at overall scales highly related to temperature. At lower scales surface material, snow cover, hydrology and anthropogenic effects (geese, reindeer) are determinant in constituting the different vegetation communities....

Within the frame of the project GeoBIRD (ESA contract 12950/98/NL/GD entitled "Retrieval of geoand bio-physical information from remote sensing data") an attempt was made to derive soil moisture by combining the microwave remote sensing model CLOUD and the land surface process model PROMET-V (PROcess oriented Modular Environment and Vegetation model. Three test sites in Europe, which show diffe...

Here, I describe the geographical distribution of the savanna types in Namibia and identify the factors controlling the occurrence of each savanna type in relation to the amount of annual precipitation and the various physiographical regions, including the mopane ( Colophospermum mopane) area. The different types of savanna can be distinguished on the basis of the leaf habits of the dominant ve...