Abstract Purpose To characterize and optimize the productivity of melanin using an extremotolerant actinobacterium, Dietzia schimae NM3, for first time. Methods An extracellular brown pigment produced by D. NM3 in nutrient broth cheese whey medium adding L-tyrosine. The extracted was analyzed UV-visible, HPLC, FTIR assays. radical scavenging activity (by DPPH) sun protection factor (SPF) were m...

Let (T1, T2, . . . , Tc) be a fixed c-tuple of sets of graphs (i.e. each Ti is a set of graphs). Let R(c, n, (T1, T2, . . . , Tc)) denote the set of all n-tuples, (a1, a2, . . . , an), such that every c-coloring of the edges of the complete multipartite graph, Ka1,a2,...,an , forces a monochromatic subgraph of color i from the set Ti (for at least one i). If N denotes the set of non-negative in...

Glutamate receptor (GluR) ion channels mediate fast synaptic transmission in the mammalian CNS. Numerous crystallographic studies, the majority on the GluR2-subtype AMPA receptor, have revealed the structural basis for binding of subtype-specific agonists. In contrast, because there are far fewer antagonist-bound structures, the mechanisms for antagonist binding are much less well understood, p...

The following minimum cost maximum multiiow problem is the focus of the paper: () given an undirected graph G = (V G; EG), a subset T 2 V G (of terminals), and functions c : EG ! ZZ + (of capacities) and a : EG ! ZZ + (of costs), nd a collection f of ows (a multiiow) connecting arbitrary pairs of distinct terminals so that the total ow f (e) through each edge does not exceed its capacity c(e), ...

We analyzed the effects of two growth factors that regulate oligodendrocyte progenitor (O-2A) development on the expression of glutamate receptor (GluR) subunits in cortical O-2A cells. In the absence of growth factors, GluR1 was the AMPA subunit mRNA expressed at the lowest relative level. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) caused an increase in GluR1 and GluR3 steady-state mRNA levels. Pla...

Kainate receptors contribute to synaptic plasticity and rhythmic oscillatory firing of neurons in corticolimbic circuits including hippocampal area CA3. We use zinc chelators and mice deficient in zinc transporters to show that synaptically released zinc inhibits postsynaptic kainate receptors at mossy fiber synapses and limits frequency facilitation of kainate, but not AMPA EPSCs during theta-...