the vase life of cut flowers and foliage is often shortened by vascular occlusions that constrict vase solution supply. reduction in stem conductivity is typically caused by blockage of cut stem ends and xylem conduits by microbes, physiological plugging, and disruption of water columns in xylem vessels by cavitations and air emboli. cut flower and foliage longevity can be greatly affected by t...

during an investigation on cladosporium species associated with numerous substrates of various localities in iran during 2011-13, eight species including c. delicatulum, c. echinulatum, c. exile, c. macrocarpum, c. neriicola, c. pannosum, c. scabrellum and c. uredinicola were identified based on the morphological characters. all these species are new records for the iranian mycobiota, except fo...

An in vivo assay for phospholipase D (PLD; EC 3.1.4.4) activity, based on its transphosphatidylation property, is described in detail and was used to study putative post-translational regulation mechanisms of PLD activity in carnation [Dianthus caryophyllus L.) petals. A variety of agents was applied to petal discs. The calmodulin (CaM) antagonists propranolol, /V-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1 -nap...