Glucose-induced insulin secretion by beta cells of diabetic db/db mice was studied by a pancreas perfusion technique, and the levels of GLUT2 protein in pancreatic islets were assessed by immunofluorescence microscopy and protein blot analysis. Beta cells from diabetic mice had a high basal rate of insulin secretion; they did not respond to glucose stimulation but displayed a normal secretory r...

OBJECTIVE To determine 1) whether renal arginase activity or expression is increased in diabetes and 2) whether arginase plays a role in development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The impact of arginase activity and expression on renal damage was evaluated in spontaneously diabetic Ins2(Akita) mice and in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Dilute Brown Agouti (DB...

Abstract The aim of this work is to evaluate the role Grape Seed extracts (GSE) from three grape cultivars (Ahmer, Halawani, and Kamali) grown in Iraq as well pomace on lipid profile diabetic mice. Fifty adult female mice were divided into five groups. Negative control (untreatment), positive (treated) diabetic, treated with GSE. After six weeks; serum liver tissue homogenate parameters evaluat...

OBJECTIVE Lipoxygenases are regulators of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress generation. We evaluated the role of 5- and 12-lipoxygenases in the development of diabetic retinopathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Wild-type mice, 5-lipoxygenase-deficient mice, and 12/15-lipoxygenase-deficient mice were assessed 1) after 9 months of diabetes for retinal histopathology and leukotriene recept...

This study tested the hypothesis that in diabetic arteries, cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 mediates endothelial prostacyclin (PGI2) synthesis, which evokes vasoconstrictor activity under the pathological condition. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes was induced to C57BL/6 mice and those with COX-1 deficiency (COX-1(-/-) mice) using a high-fat diet in combination with streptozotocin injection. In vitro anal...

Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is a potential target of therapy for ischemic injury. sEH metabolizes neuroprotective epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs). We recently demonstrated that sEH inhibition reduces infarct size after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in type 1 diabetic mice. We hypothesized that inhibition of sEH would protect against ischemic injury in type 2 diabeti...

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is characterized by reduced cardiac contractility independent of vascular disease. A contributor to contractile dysfunction in the diabetic heart is impaired sarcoplasmic reticulum function with reduced sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA2a) pump activity, leading to disturbed intracellular calcium handling. It is currently unclear whether increasing SERCA2...

Direct associations between hyperglycemia and atherosclerosis remain unclear. We investigated the association between the amelioration of glycemia by sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) and macrophage-driven atherosclerosis in diabetic mice. We administered dapagliflozin or ipragliflozin (1.0 mg/kg/day) for 4-weeks to apolipoprotein E-null (Apoe-/-) mice, streptozotocin-induced ...

We examined wind-up of the nociceptive flexor withdrawal responses in diabetic mice that had developed tactile allodynia after treatment with streptozotocin (STZ). In control and STZ-treated mice, simultaneous activation of Adelta- and C-fibers by electrical stimuli at C-fiber intensity delivered to the ventral aspect of the toe elicited a biphasic withdrawal reflex composed of short- and long-...