Pseudobulbar affect (PBA) is a common manifestation of brain pathology associated with many neurological diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and traumatic brain injury. PBA is defined by involuntary and uncontrollable expressed emotion that is exaggerated and inappropriate, and also incongruent with the underly...

The major drug-metabolizing human hepatic cytochrome P-450s (CYPs; CYP1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, and 3A4) coexpressed functionally in Escherichia coli with human NADPH-P-450 reductase have been validated as surrogates to their counterparts in human liver microsomes (HLM) using automated technology. The dealkylation of ethoxyresorufin, dextromethorphan, and erythromycin were all shown to be specific r...

Codeine (methyl morphine) is a widely used opioid that is administered alone or in combination with other drugs, such as antihistamines, decongestants, and mild analgesics. There are few reports of generalized dermatitis induced by oral codeine and cross-reactivity with morphine [1-4]. A 43-year-old man experienced 3 episodes of generalized pruriginous rash after taking analgesic and antitussiv...

We investigated the enzymatic function, stability, and regional distribution of rat brain cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 2D1 activity. CYP2D1 is the homolog of human CYP2D6, a genetically variable enzyme that activates or inactivates many clinical drugs acting on the central nervous system (e.g., antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, serotonin uptake inhibitors, and neuroleptics), drugs of abu...

Detailed data on the recreational use of drugs are difficult to obtain through traditional means, especially for substances like Dextromethorphan (DXM) which are available over-the-counter for medicinal purposes. In this study, we show that information provided by commenters on YouTube is useful for uncovering the toxicologic effects of DXM. Using methods of computational linguistics, we were a...

STUDY OBJECTIVE The purpose of the meta-analysis was to understand the antitussive effect of treatment with dextromethorphan hydrobromide, 30 mg, vs placebo over a 3-h treatment period in patients with cough due to uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), and to show that the computerized system for acquisition and analysis of cough sound was consistent and reproducible across th...