Commensal bacteria have been shown to modulate the host mucosal immune system. Here, we report that oral treatment of BALB/c mice with components from the commensal, Parabacteroides distasonis, significantly reduces the severity of intestinal inflammation in murine models of acute and chronic colitis induced by dextran sulphate sodium (DSS). The membranous fraction of P. distasonis (mPd) preven...

Bile acids play a pivotal role in the pathological development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the mechanism of bile acid dysregulation in IBD remains unanswered. Here we show that intestinal peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα)-UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) signalling is an important determinant of bile acid homeostasis. Dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced...

The effects of Streptococcus thermophilus ST28 on cytokine production by murine splenocytes stimulated with transforming growth factor-β plus interleukin- (IL-) 6 were evaluated. The addition of ST28 significantly repressed IL-17 production compared to ATCC 19258 (type strain). ST28 also decreased the number of Th17 cells in the stimulated splenocytes. The anti-inflammatory effects of ST28 admi...

One third of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) inadequately respond to anti-TNF treatment and preclinical data suggest that matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is a novel therapeutic target. Here we show that IBD clinical and histopathological parameters found in wild type mice challenged with three different models of colitis, acute and chronic dextran sodium sulphate (DSS), and ac...

Inflammation is known to be linked with development of colorectal cancer, and the aim was to assess the malignant potential and degree of inflammation in a dextran-sulphate-sodium-(DSS-) induced cyclic colonic tumour model (CTM) in rats and to compare it with the azoxymethane-(AOM-) induced CTM model. Tumours developed in both groups, although, in the DSS group, the colonic mucosa appeared edem...

natural organic wastes contain considerable amounts of nutritional elements. the availability and uptake of nutrient elements in soil) especially in alkali and calcareous soils) increase due to high content of organic matter, and reduce the micro-elements deficiencies. organic wastes have pathogenic contaminations that come from waste type and transmitted by microorganisms such as bacteria, fun...

Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) plays an important role in cell proliferation and apoptosis, and defects in TNF-α-induced apoptosis are associated with various diseases. TRIM27 is a tripartite motif (TRIM) protein containing RING finger, B-box, and coiled-coil domains. We recently reported that TRIM27 positively regulates TNF-α-induced apoptosis through deubiquitination of receptor-interacting ...

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are a set of chronic, idiopathic, immunological and relapsing inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract referred to as inflammatory bowel disorder (IBD). Although the etiological factors involved in the perpetuation of IBD remain uncertain, development of various animal models provides new insights to unveil the onset and the progression of IBD....

The endothelin family has been related with several pathological diseases including cardiovascular disorders, hypertension and cancer. However, little is known about endothelin system in early stages of colorectal cancer and there are no studies evaluating differences in proximal and distal colon segments. To deepen in this issue, we have studied the endothelin’s family gene and protein express...