This paper analyses predictions of a simple model of currency crises in which the peg will be abandoned when the currency overvaluation hits a certain threshold, unknown to the agents. Due to learning about the threshold, some features usually observed in the data and identified with models with multiple equilibria arise in the model. But the model yields distinctive predictions about the behav...

The present study investigates the differences in public attitudes towards the mentally ill in Bali (Indonesia) and Tokyo (Japan), the former being a non-industrialized society and the latter an industrialized society in Asia. Seventy-seven residents of Bali and 66 residents from Tokyo were examined by a devaluation-discrimination measure and a self-assessment questionnaire to gauge their react...

goat warble-fly infestation is caused by przhevalskiana silenus (diptra oestridae) larvae and it is characterized by the presence of warble under the hide of the back and flanks of the animal. this study was carried out from march 2009 to march 2010 on the hides sent to the khorasn leather industries for grading, processing and tanning. this study demonstrated from 340,797 goat hides examined 3...

This paper confronts exchange rate-trade balance hypotheses derived from the elasticity, absorption/switching and monetary approaches to the balance of payments and short-run disequilibrium effects such as the J and S curves with data from a wide range of developing countries. We find strong evidence that the exchange rate affects the trade balance long-run equilibrium even when money and incom...

This study examines the impact of currency devaluation on Pakistan's economic growth. Currency is controversial topics for both developing and developed economies to believe hope improve In this study, model used find cointegration between variables. The annual time series data over1990 2018, together with ARDL Johansson test whether there a long-run relationship growth devaluation. Both propos...

Currency crises that coincide with banking crises tend to share at least three elements. First, banks have a currency mismatch between their assets and liabilities. Second, banks do not completely hedge the associated exchange rate risk. Third, there are implicit government guarantees to banks and their foreign creditors. This paper argues that the "rst two features arise from banks' optimal re...

Energy transfer operations or processes are systematically analyzed with respect to the way they can be assessed. It turns out that the energy transfer should not only be characterized by the operation or process itself but that it should be seen in a wider context. This context is introduced as the entropic potential of the energy that is transferred. It takes into account the overall transfer...