Fractional snow-covered area (SCA) is a key parameter in large-scale hydrological, meteorological and regional climate models. Since SCA affects albedos and surface energy balance fluxes, it is especially of interest over mountainous terrain where generally a reduced SCA is observed in large grid cells. Temporal and spatial snow distributions are, however, difficult to measure over complex topo...

PURPOSE The objective of this study was to evaluate morphological changes of the mandible in edentulous and dentate subjects using panoramic radiographs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Panoramic radiographs were divided into the following three groups: Group I (completely edentulous group), Group II (old dentate group) and Group III (young dentate group). The research parameters of gonial angle, condy...

Monitored 3-Dimensional (3D) video experience can be utilized as “feedback information” to fine tune the service parameters for providing a better service to the demanding 3D service customers. The 3D video experience which includes both video quality and depth perception is influenced by several contextual and content related factors (e.g., ambient illumination condition, content characteristi...

The aim of this study to determine the depth of tumor invasion and pattern of cervical metastasis in patients of OSCC with OSMF. Methods: The authors prospectively investigated 40 patients of OSCC with OSMF who underwent surgery for OSCC with curative intent over a 2 year period. OSCC with OSMF was more commonly seen in males (87.5%) compared to females (12.5%). Buccal mucosa was the most frequ...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Although changes in atrioventricular conduction frequently occur after percutaneous implantation of an aortic valve prosthesis, little is known about the mechanisms involved or how these changes progress. We investigated ECG abnormalities and predictors of pacemaker need after percutaneous implantation of the CoreValve® aortic valve prosthesis. METHODS Between Apri...

This study investigated the effect of cross sectional geometry on sediment transport rate. The processes of sediment transport are generally associated to environmental management, such as pollution caused by the forming of suspended sediment in the channel network of a watershed and preserving physical habitats and native vegetations, and engineering applications, such as the influence of sedi...

Active microbial communities of deep crystalline bedrock fracture water were investigated from seven different boreholes in Olkiluoto (Western Finland) using bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA, dsrB, and mcrA gene transcript targeted 454 pyrosequencing. Over a depth range of 296-798 m below ground surface the microbial communities changed according to depth, salinity gradient, and sulphate and met...

The stable nitrogen isotope ratio (dN) is an established indicator of trophic hierarchy in marine food-web studies. Most of these studies presume that spatial variation in the primary food source is negligible, although a water-depthrelated increase in dN of particulate organic matter (POM) has been found in many systems. We used the high-Antarctic Weddell Sea shelf and slope ecosystem to test ...

This research was carried out in the coral reef Liang Beach area of Bunaken Island July 31st 2021 by using visual cencus method on 5 meters depth. The result showed that there were about 12 species indicator fish Chaetodontidae are found reefarea.